Peptidoglycan pathways: there are still more!

Abstract

The discovery of 3^rd and 4^th generations of currently existing classes of antibiotics has not hindered bacterial resistance, which is escalating at an alarming global level. This review follows WHO recommendations through implementing new criteria for newly discovered antibiotics. These recommendations focus on abandoning old scaffolds and hitting new targets. In light of these recommendations, this review discusses seven bacterial proteins that no commercial antibiotics have targeted yet, alongside their reported chemical scaffolds.

Fig. 1. A diagram showing PG biosynthesis.

Fig. 2. A schematic illustration of some key steps of PG biosynthesis. Reprinted with permission from Mohammad H., et al., J. Med. Chem., 2017, 2425; copyright: American Chemical Society.

Fig. 3. A diagram emphasizing the essential role of UppP.

Fig. 4. The SAR of phenylthiazole antibiotics.

Fig. 5. Different generations of phenylthiazole antibiotics with their associated antimicrobial, physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties.

Fig. 6. The half-lives of different classes of phenylthiazole antibiotics.

Ahmed M. Helal

Ahmed M. Sayed

Mariam Omara

Mohamed M. Elsebaei

Abdelrahman S. Mayhoub