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Review
. 2022 Nov;52(12):2290-2305.
doi: 10.1007/s00247-022-05373-z. Epub 2022 May 10.

Disorders of phosphate homeostasis in children, part 2: hypophosphatemic and hyperphosphatemic disorders

Richard M Shore  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Disorders of phosphate homeostasis in children, part 2: hypophosphatemic and hyperphosphatemic disorders

Richard M Shore. Pediatr Radiol. 2022 Nov.

Abstract

Phosphorus, predominantly in the form of inorganic phosphate PO4-3, has many essential physiological functions. In the skeleton, phosphate and calcium form the mineral component and phosphate is also essential in regulating function of skeletal cells. Considerable advances have been made in our understanding of phosphate homeostasis since the recognition of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) as a bone-derived phosphaturic hormone. This second part of a two-part review of disorders of phosphate homeostasis in children covers hypophosphatemic and hyperphosphatemic disorders that are of interest to the pediatric radiologist, emphasizing, but not limited to, those related to abnormalities of FGF23 signaling.

Keywords: Bone; Children; Fibroblast growth factor-23; Hypophosphatemic rickets; Mineralization; Phosphate; Radiography.

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