Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Apr 25:9:827114.
doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.827114. eCollection 2022.

Body Composition Characteristics of Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Dynapenia or Sarcopenia

Hungu Jung  1   2 , Shigeharu Tanaka  1   3 , Ryo Tanaka  1
Affiliations

Body Composition Characteristics of Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Dynapenia or Sarcopenia

Hungu Jung et al. Front Nutr. .

Erratum in

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the differences in muscle and fat masses of the arm and leg between older adults with dynapenia, sarcopenia, or presarcopenia and normal individuals. The percent body fat, lean body mass, and skeletal mass index were measured with bioelectrical impedance analysis. Muscle function was evaluated using grip strength and walking speed. Participants were classified into four categories. Dynapenia was defined as low muscle function with normal muscle mass. Sarcopenia was defined as the presence of both low muscle mass and low muscle function. Presarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass with normal muscle function. Control was defined as normal muscle mass and function. Multivariate analyses of variance were performed separately for women and men to test the main effect of sarcopenia category on body composition. Among the 356 enrolled participants, 270 were women, and 86 were men. In older women, the dynapenia and sarcopenia groups had significantly less muscle mass in the leg than the control group. In older men, the dynapenia group demonstrated a higher body fat mass in the leg than the control group. These results suggest that different strategies are necessary to prevent dynapenia in women and men.

Keywords: bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA); body fat; leg; muscle function; muscle mass.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Methods of grouping based on an appendicular skeletal mass index (ASMI) and muscle function.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Aubertin-Leheudre M, Anton S, Beavers DP, Manini TM, Fielding R, Newman A, et al. . Dynapenia and metabolic health in obese and nonobese adults aged 70 years and older: the LIFE study. J Am Med Dir Assoc. (2017) 18:312–9. 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.10.001 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Hirose D, Hanyu H, Fukasawa R, Namioka N, Hatanaka H, Sato T. Diabetes-related dementia is associated with dynapenia, but not with sarcopenia. Geriatr Gerontol Int. (2017) 17:175–7. 10.1111/ggi.12791 - DOI - PubMed
    1. da Silva Alexandre T, Scholes S, Ferreira Santos JL, de Oliveira Duarte YA, de Oliveira C. Dynapenic abdominal obesity increases mortality risk among English and Brazilian older adults: a 10-year follow-up of the ELSA and SABE studies. J Nutr Heal Aging. (2018) 22:138–44. 10.1007/s12603-017-0966-4 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Alexandre T da S, Scholes S, Ferreira Santos JL, Duarte YA de O, de Oliveira C. The combination of dynapenia and abdominal obesity as a risk factor for worse trajectories of IADL disability among older adults. Clin Nutr. (2018) 37:2045–53. 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.09.018 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Manini TM, Clark BC. Dynapenia and aging : an update. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. (2012) 67:28–40. 10.1093/gerona/glr010 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources