Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2018 Nov 13;8(66):38081-38090.
doi: 10.1039/c8ra06253f. eCollection 2018 Nov 7.

Fabrication of cotton textile waste-based magnetic activated carbon using FeCl3 activation by the Box-Behnken design: optimization and characteristics

Zhihua Xu  1 , Tianqi Zhang  1 , Zhihang Yuan  1 , Daofang Zhang  1 , Zhenhua Sun  1 , YuanXing Huang  1 , Weifang Chen  1 , Danqi Tian  1 , Haixuan Deng  1 , Yuwei Zhou  1
Affiliations

Fabrication of cotton textile waste-based magnetic activated carbon using FeCl3 activation by the Box-Behnken design: optimization and characteristics

Zhihua Xu et al. RSC Adv. .

Abstract

Cotton textile waste-based magnetic activated carbon was prepared via simultaneous activation-pyrolysis using FeCl3 as a novel activating agent. The response surface methodology based on the Box-Behnken design method was applied to optimize the preparation parameters and predict the specific surface area of the samples. The optimal activated carbon was obtained at a mass ratio of FeCl3/CTW, activation time and activation temperature of 1.62 : 1, 1 h and 700 °C, respectively. The experimental maximum yield and iodine adsorptive value (32.66% and 714.55 mg g-1) of the resultant carbon were close to that of the predicated response values (34.85% and 783.75 mg g-1), respectively. SEM, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, XRD, PPMS, FTIR and pHpzc measurements were conducted to analyze the physicochemical characteristics of the optimal sample. The results showed that the carbon matrix had a high specific surface area of 837.39 m2 g-1 with abundant micropores and acidic surface functional groups, and the saturation magnetization (Ms) was 5.2 emu g-1 due to the formation of Fe3O4. The maximum adsorption of Cr(vi) by the carbon reached 212.77 mg g-1. Furthermore, the addition of FeCl3 lowered the pyrolytic carbonization temperature and inhibited the generation of volatiles in the activation-pyrolysis process. Meanwhile, the formation of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 derived from FeCl3 was beneficial for the development of vast micropores.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts to declare.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. 3D surface response (a) and the contour (b) for the desirability function for the simultaneous optimization of the yield and iodine adsorption value.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. SEM images of CTW (a) and OAC (b).
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. N2 adsorption/desorption isotherm (a) and pore size distributions (b) of OAC.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4. XRD pattern of OAC.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5. Magnetization loop of OAC.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6. FTIR spectrum of OAC.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7. Linear fitting plots of Cr(vi) adsorption by OAC, WAC and CAC for the Langmuir isotherms (a) and Freundlich isotherms (b).
Fig. 8
Fig. 8. TG-DTG-DSC image of CTW, FeCl3 and CTW–FeCl3.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Nahil M. A. Williams P. T. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis. 2010;89:51–59. doi: 10.1016/j.jaap.2010.05.005. - DOI
    1. National and Reform Commission, Recyclable Resources and Circular Economy, 2014, vol. 7, pp. 2–6
    1. Zamani B., Carbon footprint and energy use of textile recycling techniques, Chalmers University of Technology, 2011
    1. Wang Y. J. Waste Biomass Valorization. 2010;1:135–143. doi: 10.1007/s12649-009-9005-y. - DOI
    1. Wang S. H. Wei M. X. Xu Q. L. Jia H. S. Fibers Polym. 2016;17:212–219. doi: 10.1007/s12221-016-5749-8. - DOI