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. 2022 Apr 26:9:841800.
doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.841800. eCollection 2022.

Effects of Buffalo Milk and Cow Milk on Lipid Metabolism in Obese Mice Induced by High Fat

Maocheng Jiang  1 , Zitong Meng  1 , Zhiqiang Cheng  1 , Kang Zhan  1 , Xiaoyu Ma  1 , Tianyu Yang  1 , Yinghao Huang  1 , Qi Yan  1 , Xiaoxiao Gong  1 , Guoqi Zhao  1   2   3
Affiliations

Effects of Buffalo Milk and Cow Milk on Lipid Metabolism in Obese Mice Induced by High Fat

Maocheng Jiang et al. Front Nutr. .

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of buffalo milk and cow milk on lipid metabolism in obese mice. Milk composition analysis showed fat, protein, and total solid content in buffalo milk was higher than cow milk, while the lactose content of buffalo milk was lower than cow milk. After milk metabolite extraction and LC-MS/MS analysis, differential metabolites were mainly enriched in "linoleic acid metabolism pathways," "pentose and glucuronate interconversion pathways," and "metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 pathways." We fed three groups of C57BL/6J mice (n = 6 per group) for 5 weeks: (1) high-fat diet group (HFD group); (2) high-fat diet + buffalo milk group (HBM group); and (3) high-fat diet + cow milk group (HCM group). Our results showed that body weight of mice was significantly decreased in HBM and HCM groups from 1 to 4 weeks compared with the HFD group. The mRNA expression of ACAA2, ACACB, and SLC27A5 genes involved in the lipid metabolism in liver tissue were significantly elevated in HCM group, relatively to HFD and HBM group. In addition, the adipocyte number, size and lipid accumulation in the liver were significantly decreased in HCM group compared with the HFD group by H&E staining and oil red O staining, but was not change in HBM group. The mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-1β inflammatory genes were significantly increased in HBM group, relatively to HFD and HCM group, which is consistent with results from inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue disruption by colon tissue sections. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of cow milk has beneficial effects on loss of weight and lipid metabolism in obese mice.

Keywords: buffalo; inflammatory; lipid metabolism; metabonomic; milk.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
The metabolome view map of significant metabolic pathways identified in buffalo and cow milk. (A) Positive ionization modes; (B) negative ionization modes.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Effects of buffalo and cow milk on body weight in high-fat diet fed mice. (A) Average body weights from mice of each group; (B) adipose tissues and liver index (tissues weight/body weight). a–b Means with different superscripts are significantly different (n = 6).
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Effects of buffalo and cow milk on hepatic lipid accumulation in mice fed by high fat diet. (A) H & E staining of the liver tissues from representative mice of each group (200×); (B) oil red O staining of the liver tissues from representative mice of each group (200×); (C) calculated value for lipid area of (A); (D) calculated value for lipid area of (B).
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Effects of buffalo and cow milk on morphology of colon tissues in mice fed by high fat diet. H & E staining of the colon morphology from representative mice of each group (200×).
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
Effects of buffalo and cow milk on expression level of genes related to pro-inflammation responses in mice fed by high fat diet.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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