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. 2022 May 7;19(9):5710.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095710.

Influence of Temperature on the Quantity of Bisphenol A in Bottled Drinking Water

Dobrochna Ginter-Kramarczyk  1 , Joanna Zembrzuska  2 , Izabela Kruszelnicka  1 , Anna Zając-Woźnialis  3 , Marianna Ciślak  1
Affiliations

Influence of Temperature on the Quantity of Bisphenol A in Bottled Drinking Water

Dobrochna Ginter-Kramarczyk et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a component used in the production of polycarbonate plastics (PC) and epoxy resins, which are currently widely used in food and beverage packaging. Although BPA is not used in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) manufacturing, a recent study reported its presence in PET water bottles. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of storage conditions on the release of BPA from PET bottles as well as to assess health risks associated with the consumption of bottled water. Using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), we measured the content of BPA in local brands of plastic bottled water sold in the Polish market. It has been established that temperature is one of the main factors that influences the migration of bisphenol A to products, as was confirmed by determination of the amount of bisphenol A in water, which was carried out without exposing the bottles to different temperatures. Despite the fact that the individual concentrations of BPA in bottled water were low (ng/L) at 0.6 mg/kg (body weight), the cumulative daily dose in the body may be much higher than the quoted concentrations due to the number of products containing BPA. Thus, prolonged usage of bottled water and beverages should be avoided to reduce the risk of human exposure to BPA through leaching. Additionally, it was found that high temperatures resulted in increased BPA leaching.

Keywords: bisphenol A; bottled water; chromatographic analysis; drinking water.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
C15H16O2 (R-SO3H). The synthesis of bisphenol A.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Hydrogenation pathways of BPA.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Steps of the SPE extraction process.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The content of bisphenol A in bottled water immediately after purchase.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Content of bisphenol A [ng/L] in bottled water depending on the temperature [°C].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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