Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Apr 20;14(9):1662.
doi: 10.3390/polym14091662.

An Experimental Study on the Hot Alkali Extraction of Xylan-Based Hemicelluloses from Wheat Straw and Corn Stalks and Optimization Methods

Adrian Cătălin Puițel  1 , Gabriel Dan Suditu  1 , Maricel Danu  1   2 , Gabriela-Liliana Ailiesei  2 , Mircea Teodor Nechita  1
Affiliations

An Experimental Study on the Hot Alkali Extraction of Xylan-Based Hemicelluloses from Wheat Straw and Corn Stalks and Optimization Methods

Adrian Cătălin Puițel et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

In this paper, we describe an experimental study on the hot alkali extraction of hemicelluloses from wheat straw and corn stalks, two of the most common lignocellulosic biomass constituents in Romania. The chemical compositions of the raw materials were determined analytically, and the relevant chemical components were cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, and ash. Using the response surface methodology, the optimum values of the hot alkaline extraction parameters, i.e., time, temperature, and NaOH concentration, were identified and experimentally validated. The physicochemical characterization of the isolated hemicelluloses was performed using HPLC, FTIR, TG, DTG, and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The main hemicellulose components identified experimentally were xylan, arabinan, and glucan. The study emphasizes that both corn stalks and wheat straw are suitable as raw materials for hemicellulose extraction, highlighting the advantages of alkaline pretreatments and showing that optimization methods can further improve the process efficiency.

Keywords: corn stalks; hemicelluloses; hot alkali extraction (HAE); response surface method (RSM); wheat straw; xylan.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Response surfaces and contour plots of the combined effects of sodium hydroxide concentration and temperature on xylan extraction yield from wheat straw at various reaction times: (a) 60 min; (b) 90 min; (c) 120 min.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Response surfaces and contour plots of the combined effects of sodium hydroxide concentration and temperature on total extraction yield from wheat straw at various reaction times: (a) 60 min; (b) 90 min; (c) 120 min.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Response surfaces and contour plots of the combined effects of sodium hydroxide concentration and temperature on xylan extraction yield from corn stalks at various reaction times: (a) 60 min; (b) 90 min; (c) 120 min.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Response surfaces and contour plots of the combined effects of sodium hydroxide concentration and temperature on total extraction yield from corn stalks at various reaction times: (a) 60 min; (b) 90 min; (c) 120 min.
Figure 5
Figure 5
FTIR spectra of separated hemicelluloses. Black line, HCWS and dotted line, HCCS.
Figure 6
Figure 6
1H-NMR spectra of separated hemicelluloses. Black line, HCWS and red line, HCCS.
Figure 7
Figure 7
(a) Mass variation curves; (b) DTG curves, for the separated hemicellulose samples.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Cintas O., Berndes G., Englund O., Johnsson F. Geospatial supply-demand modeling of lignocellulosic biomass for electricity and biofuels in the European Union. Biomass Bioenerg. 2021;144:105870. doi: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2020.105870. - DOI
    1. Ul Haq I., Qaisar K., Nawaz A., Akram F., Mukhtar H., Zohu X., Xu Y., Mumtaz M.W., Rashid U., Ghani W.A.W.A.K., et al. Advances in Valorization of Lignocellulosic Biomass towards Energy Generation. Catalysts. 2021;11:309
    1. Jain A., Sarsaiya S., Kumar Awasthi M., Singh R., Rajput R., Mishra U.C., Chen J., Shi J. Bioenergy and bio-products from bio-waste and its associated modern circular economy: Current research trends, challenges, and future outlooks. Fuel. 2022;307:121859. doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121859. - DOI
    1. Zhao L., Sun Z.-F., Zhang C.-C., Nan J., Ren N.-Q., Lee D.-J., Chen C. Advances in pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for bioenergy production: Challenges and perspectives. Bioresour. Technol. 2022;343:126123. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126123. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Ashokkumar V., Venkatkarthick R., Jayashree S., Chuetor S., Dharmaraj S., Kumar G., Chen W.-H., Ngamcharussrivichai C. Recent advances in lignocellulosic biomass for biofuels and value-added bioproducts—A critical review. Bioresour. Technol. 2022;344:126195. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126195. - DOI - PubMed