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. 2022 May 5;14(9):1892.
doi: 10.3390/polym14091892.

Facile and Green Process to Synthesize a Three-Dimensional Network Few-Layer Graphene/Carbon Nanotube Composite for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

Yu-Hong Yeh  1 , Kuei-Ting Hsu  2 , Chia-Hung Huang  3   4 , Wei-Ren Liu  1
Affiliations

Facile and Green Process to Synthesize a Three-Dimensional Network Few-Layer Graphene/Carbon Nanotube Composite for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

Yu-Hong Yeh et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

We propose an environmentally friendly liquid exfoliation approach and subsequent freeze-drying process for constructing a three-dimensional (3D) carbon-based network by using few-layer graphene (FLG) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications. Systematic characterizations-such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy-as well as Raman characterization and EMI shielding tests were performed. The results indicated that the as-synthesized 3D-FLG/CNT composite obtained through the freeze-drying process exhibited excellent electromagnetic interference shielding. The shielding effect of FLG could be improved from 15 to 22 dB by introducing CNTs. The CNTs inhibited restacking of FLG in the structure. We also compared two drying processes: oven drying and freeze-drying. The freeze-drying technique markedly improved the shielding effect of FLG/CNTs from 22 to 36 dB. The composition-optimized 3D-FLG/CNT composite could be a candidate material for use in EMI shielding.

Keywords: carbon nanotubes; electromagnetic interference shielding; graphene.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Schema of few-layer graphene (FLG), graphene nanotube (GNT), freeze-dried FLG (FFLG), and freeze-dried GNT (FGNT) composite materials. Lower left corner shows the FLG/CNT/wax composite with dimensions of 3.5 cm × 3.5 cm × 0.75 cm.
Figure 1
Figure 1
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of (a) graphite and (b) FLG; (c) line scan and (d) atomic force microscopy image of FLG.
Figure 2
Figure 2
SEM images of (a) FLG and (b) GNT10; TEM images of (c) FLG and (d) GNT10.
Figure 3
Figure 3
SEM images of (a) FFLG and (b) FGNT10; TEM images of (c) FFLG and (d) FGNT10.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Raman spectra of graphite, FLG, FFLG, GNT10, and FGNT10.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Adsorption–desorption isotherms (a,c,e,g), corresponding pore size distributions (b,d,f,h) and (i) micropores/mesopores/macropores distribution of graphite, FLG, FFLG, GNT10, and FGNT10.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Electromagnetic shielding effect (SE) of G (graphene), FLG, FFLG, GNT10, and FGNT10 samples: (a) SEA, (b) SER, and (c) SET in the X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz). (d) Electromagnetic-wave-shielding histogram of total SE.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Schema of electromagnetic wave shielding by (a) GNT10 and (b) FGNT10.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Sheet resistances of the FLG, FFLG, GNT10, and FGNT10 samples.
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