Effect of activity-based training versus strengthening exercises on upper extremity functions in Parkinson's patients; A randomized controlled, single blind, superiority trial

Abstract

Background: Idiopathic Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease which is appeared by symptoms such as resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability. Such symptoms as tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity significantly affect patients' upper extremity function. Rehabilitation programs should be implemented to improve the upper extremity functions of patients.

Objective: Activity-based training would improve dexterity and functional activities to a larger extent than strengthening exercises. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of activity-based training and strengthening exercises on upper extremity functions in Parkinson's disease and to compare the two methods.

Method: 40 Parkinson's patients with mean of 64.45 ± 9.13 age were randomized and divided into two groups as activity-based training and strengthening exercise group. Patients were evaluated at the beginning and after 6 weeks of treatment with Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-39, Duruöz Hand Index, Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test, Nine-Hole Peg Test, Jamar dynamometer, Jamar pinch meter, Semmes Weinstein Monofilament Test and two-point discrimination.

Result: In both groups, upper extremity functions, handgrip strengths and quality of life of patients improved significantly. Tactile sense improved only in the activity-based training group.

Conclusion: Activity-based training is not superior to strengthening exercise programs at improving upper extremity functions and dexterity of Parkinson's patients.

Keywords: Activity-based training; Dexterity; Parkinson's disease; Strengthening exercise; Upper extremity motor and sensory functions.