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Review
. 2022 Sep;38(9):1085-1096.
doi: 10.1007/s12264-022-00873-2. Epub 2022 May 15.

Cognitive Impairment in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

Haoyun Xiao  1   2 , Fan Hu  3 , Jing Ding  4 , Zheng Ye  5
Affiliations
Review

Cognitive Impairment in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

Haoyun Xiao et al. Neurosci Bull. 2022 Sep.

Erratum in

Abstract

Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a significant cause of the severe cognitive decline in the elderly population. There is no cure for iNPH, but cognitive symptoms can be partially alleviated through cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion. In the early stages of iNPH, cognitive deficits occur primarily in the executive functions and working memory supported by frontostriatal circuits. As the disease progresses, cognition declines continuously and globally, leading to poor quality of life and daily functioning. In this review, we present recent advances in understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of cognitive impairment in iNPH, focusing on (1) abnormal CSF dynamics, (2) dysfunction of frontostriatal and entorhinal-hippocampal circuits and the default mode network, (3) abnormal neuromodulation, and (4) the presence of amyloid-β and tau pathologies.

Keywords: Amyloid-β pathology; Cerebrospinal fluid dynamics; Cognitive impairment; Entorhinal-hippocampal circuits; Frontostriatal circuits; Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus; Neuromodulation; Tau pathology.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

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