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Multicenter Study
. 2022 May 16:150:e106.
doi: 10.1017/S095026882200022X.

Plasma glucose levels and diabetes are independent predictors for mortality in patients with COVID-19

Hui Long  1 , Jiachen Li  2 , Rui Li  3   4 , Haiyang Zhang  2   5 , Honghan Ge  2 , Hui Zeng  1 , Xi Chen  6 , Qingbin Lu  7 , Wanli Jiang  8 , Haolong Zeng  9 , Tianle Che  2 , Xiaolei Ye  2 , Liqun Fang  2 , Ying Qin  10 , Qiang Wang  11 , Qingming Wu  11 , Hao Li  2 , Wei Liu  2   7
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Plasma glucose levels and diabetes are independent predictors for mortality in patients with COVID-19

Hui Long et al. Epidemiol Infect. .

Abstract

This study is performed to figure out how the presence of diabetes affects the infection, progression and prognosis of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), and the effective therapy that can treat the diabetes-complicated patients with COVID-19. A multicentre study was performed in four hospitals. COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) or hyperglycaemia were compared with those without these conditions and matched by propensity score matching for their clinical progress and outcome. Totally, 2444 confirmed COVID-19 patients were recruited, from whom 336 had DM. Compared to 1344 non-DM patients with age and sex matched, DM-COVID-19 patients had significantly higher rates of intensive care unit entrance (12.43% vs. 6.58%, P = 0.014), kidney failure (9.20% vs. 4.05%, P = 0.027) and mortality (25.00% vs. 18.15%, P < 0.001). Age and sex-stratified comparison revealed increased susceptibility to COVID-19 only from females with DM. For either non-DM or DM group, hyperglycaemia was associated with adverse outcomes, featured by higher rates of severe pneumonia and mortality, in comparison with non-hyperglycaemia. This was accompanied by significantly altered laboratory indicators including lymphocyte and neutrophil percentage, C-reactive protein and urea nitrogen level, all with correlation coefficients >0.35. Both diabetes and hyperglycaemia were independently associated with adverse prognosis of COVID-19, with hazard ratios of 10.41 and 3.58, respectively.

Keywords: COVID-19; diabetes; hyperglycaemia; prognosis; risk factors.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors do not have any commercial or other association that might pose a conflict of interest. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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