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. 2022 Jul;39(3):244-249.
doi: 10.12701/jyms.2022.00045. Epub 2022 May 16.

Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy and smoking status on hematological variables related to anemia of chronic disease in chronic periodontitis patient: a case-control study

Sangita Show  1 , Somen Bagchi  2 , Arka Kanti Dey  3 , Ramanarayana Boyapati  4 , Pritish Chandra Pal  5 , Kanikanti Siva Tejaswi  4
Affiliations

Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy and smoking status on hematological variables related to anemia of chronic disease in chronic periodontitis patient: a case-control study

Sangita Show et al. J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2022 Jul.

Abstract

Backgruound: Chronic infectious, inflammatory, or neoplastic disorders are associated with anemia of chronic disease. Chronic inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis may contribute to masked anemia, especially in smokers. This study was aimed at verifying and comparing the efficacy of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) for improving anemia among chronic periodontitis patients with and without the habit of smoking.

Methods: Thirty systemically healthy individuals with chronic periodontitis were divided into two groups of 15 each, smokers (group A) and nonsmokers (group B). The groups were compared based on hematological parameters such as serum erythropoietin (SE) and serum ferritin (SF) levels at baseline and 3 months after NSPT for anemia evaluation.

Results: The baseline SE levels in groups A and B were 11.84 and 15.19 mIU/mL (p=0.031), respectively; the corresponding levels at 3 months after NSPT were 13.00 and 17.74 mIU/mL (p=0.022). The baseline SF levels in groups A and B were 95.49 and 44.86 ng/mL (p=0.018), respectively; the corresponding levels at 3 months after NSPT were 77.06 and 39.05 ng/mL (p=0.009). Group B showed a significant increase and decrease in the SE and SF levels, respectively, at 3 months after NSPT (p=0.035 and p=0.039, respectively), whereas group A showed insignificant changes (p=0.253 and p=0.618, respectively).

Conclusion: NSPT led to an improvement in anemia among chronic periodontitis patients. However, the improvement is less in smokers compared to that in nonsmokers. Furthermore, SF and SE levels might serve as effective biomarkers for assessing anemia in smokers and nonsmokers with chronic periodontitis.

Keywords: Anemia; Chronic periodontitis; Erythropoietin; Ferritin; Smoking.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest

No potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Evaluation of serum erythropoietin (SE) levels. Group A, smokers; group B, nonsmokers.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Evaluation of serum ferritin (SF) levels. Group A, smokers; group B, nonsmokers.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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