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. 2022 Mar;9(1):1-6.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijpam.2020.09.005. Epub 2020 Oct 15.

Pediatric hypertension: Review of the definition, diagnosis, and initial management

Jason Thomas  1   2 , Emily Stonebrook  3 , Mahmoud Kallash  4   3
Affiliations

Pediatric hypertension: Review of the definition, diagnosis, and initial management

Jason Thomas et al. Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2022 Mar.

Abstract

Pediatric hypertension (HTN) is a significant and growing health concern. While previously thought to be an uncommon condition in the pediatric population, recent studies have shown an increase in incidence, which is largely due to the obesity epidemic. Accordingly, primary or idiopathic HTN has become more prevalent compared to secondary causes of HTN. The incidence of hypertension is about 3.5%; however, it may be higher as HTN can be missed during routine pediatric well visits. Since childhood HTN frequently tracks into adulthood and is a risk factor for both cardiovascular disease and progression of renal disease; early diagnosis and management of this condition is essential. In this review, we will discuss the approach of a pediatric nephrologist for evaluation and management of pediatric HTN.

Keywords: Hypertension management; Pediatric hypertension.

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