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Review
. 2022 Apr 28;28(16):1641-1655.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i16.1641.

Small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 functions as a novel biomarker in liver cancer and other tumour progression

Dan-Dan Shan  1 , Qiu-Xian Zheng  1 , Jing Wang  1 , Zhi Chen  2
Affiliations
Review

Small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 functions as a novel biomarker in liver cancer and other tumour progression

Dan-Dan Shan et al. World J Gastroenterol. .

Abstract

Cancer has become the most life-threatening disease in the world. Mutations in and aberrant expression of genes encoding proteins and mutations in noncoding RNAs, especially long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), have significant effects in human cancers. LncRNAs have no protein-coding ability but function extensively in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 (SNHG3) is a novel lncRNA and has been reported to be differentially expressed in various tumors, such as liver cancer, gastric cancer, and glioma. However, the interaction mechanisms for the regulation between SNHG3 and tumor progression are poorly understood. In this review, we summarize the results of SNHG3 studies in humans, animal models, and cells to underline the expression and role of SNHG3 in cancer. SNHG3 expression is upregulated in most tumors and is detrimental to patient prognosis. SNHG3 expression in lung adenocarcinoma remains controversial. Concurrently, SNHG3 affects oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes through various mechanisms, including competing endogenous RNA effects. A deeper understanding of the contribution of SNHG3 in clinical applications and tumor development may provide a new target for cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords: Clinical characters; Competing endogenous RNA; Liver cancer; Long noncoding RNAs, Biomarker; Molecular mechanism; Small nucleolar RNA host gene 3.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 genomic information (GeneCards, http://www.genecards.org). A: The chromosomal localization of small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 (SNHG3); B: The expression level of SNHG3 in normal human tissues.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Small nucleolar RNA host gene 3-mediated mechanisms regulating cancer progression. A: Small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 (SNHG3) as a ceRNA; B: SNHG3 is involved in signaling pathways. SNHG3: Small nucleolar RNA host gene 3; EMT: Epithelial–mesenchymal transition.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 functions as a competing endogenous RNA in digestive system tumors.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 functions as a competing endogenous RNA in other systemic tumors.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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