Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Mar 24;9(2):149-155.
doi: 10.14744/nci.2021.94547. eCollection 2022.

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Turkish version of the sinus and nasal quality of life survey (SN-5)

Affiliations

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Turkish version of the sinus and nasal quality of life survey (SN-5)

Berkay Caytemel et al. North Clin Istanb. .

Abstract

Objective: The Sinus and Nasal Quality of Life (QoL) Survey (SN-5) is a valid questionnaire that evaluates the QoL of the pediatric population associated with sinonasal diseases and symptoms. The aims of this study were to translate the SN-5 test to Turkish language (SN-5t), evaluate the internal consistency of the test and test-retest reliability and validate the translation for further use in studies in Turkish language.

Methods: In this prospective study, 50 healthy subjects and 50 patients, age between 2 and 12, with sinonasal symptoms prolonged over 1 month were included to the study. Families of healthy subjects were asked to fill the SN-5t twice with 1-week interval. The patient group completed test once prior the treatment and once 4 weeks after the treatment. Cronbach's test was performed to test internal consistency and Spearman's test was performed to evaluate test-retest validity.

Results: The median value of the pre-treatment tests of the patient group and control group was 25 (23-28) and 14.25 (12-16), respectively. A statistically significant difference was found between groups (p<0.001). Area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve (Aroc) value was calculated as 0.992 which stated the strong diagnostic accuracy, and the cutoff point was defined as 16.5. Cronbach's alpha value of 0.75 was found. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient value (Spearman's rho) was calculated as 0.946.

Conclusion: The Turkish translation of the SN-5 is a consistent and valid test with high sensitivity and specificity that can be used in studies including Turkish speaking population.

Keywords: Pediatrics; Turkish; quality of life; rhinitis; sinusitis; validation studies.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Original questionnaire of SN-5 (English).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Turkish version of SN-5 Questionnaire.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
The questionnaire receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. Aroc value was measured as 0.998 and a cutoff point was 16.5.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Scatter plot. VAS, visual analog scale.

Similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Settipane RA, Lieberman P. Update on nonallergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2001;86:494–507. - PubMed
    1. Seidman MD, Gurgel RK, Lin SY, Schwartz SR, Baroody FM, Bonner JR, et al. Guideline Otolaryngology Development Group AAO-HNSF. Clinical practice guideline: Allergic rhinitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2015;152:S1–43. - PubMed
    1. Fayers PM, Machin D. Quality of Life. West Sussex: John Wiley; 2007. How to measure quality of life? In: Fayers PM, Machin D, editors. pp. 3–30.
    1. Piccirillo JF, Merritt MG, Jr, Richards ML. Psychometric and clinimetric validity of the 20-Item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-20). Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2002;126:41–7. - PubMed
    1. Hopkins C, Gillett S, Slack R, Lund VJ, Browne JP. Psychometric validity of the 22-item Sinonasal Outcome Test. Clin Otolaryngol. 2009;34:447–54. - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources