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. 2022 Apr 13:88:123-149.
doi: 10.3897/mycokeys.88.79475. eCollection 2022.

Morpho-molecular characterisation of Arecophila, with A.australis and A.clypeata sp. nov. and A.miscanthi comb. nov

Qi Rui Li  1   2 , Xu Zhang  2 , Yan Lin  2 , Milan C Samarakoon  3 , Kevin David Hyde  4 , Xiang Chun Shen  2 , Wan Qing Liao  5 , Anuruddha Karunarathna  4 , Si Han Long  2 , Ying Qian Kang  6 , Ji Chuan Kang  1
Affiliations

Morpho-molecular characterisation of Arecophila, with A.australis and A.clypeata sp. nov. and A.miscanthi comb. nov

Qi Rui Li et al. MycoKeys. .

Abstract

Three arecophila-like fungal samples were collected on dead culms of gramineous plants in China. Morphological studies of our new collections and the herbarium specimen of Arecophilagulubiicola (generic type) were conducted and the morphological affinity of our new collections with Arecophila was confirmed. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses using combined ITS, LSU, rpb2 and β-tubulin data from our collections revealed the phylogeny of Cainiaceae. The monospecific genus Alishanica (type species Al.miscanthi), which had been accepted in Cainiaceae, is revisited and synonymised under Arecophila. Based on morphology and phylogeny, Arecophilaaustralis sp. nov. and A.clypeata sp. nov. are introduced as new species, while A.miscanthi is a new record for China. All the new collections are illustrated and described.

Keywords: Cainiaceae; gramineous plants; phylogeny; taxonomy.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Phylogenetic tree, based on a combined ITS, LSU, rpb2 and β-tubulin gene dataset. Numbers close to each node represent Maximum Likelihood bootstrap values (≥ 75%) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (≥ 0.95). The hyphen (“–”) means a value lower than 75% (BS) or 0.95 (PP). New taxa are marked in red. Type materials are marked with T after the strains. The tree is rooted to Achaetomiummacrosporum (CBS 532.94), Chaetomiumelatum (CBS 374.66) and Sordariafimicola (CBS 723.96).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Arecophilaaustralis (holotype) A material B ascoma on the surface of host C section of ascoma D peridium E paraphyses F, G ascus apex with a J+, apical ring (stained in Melzer’s reagent) H–K asci with ascospores L–O ascospores surrounded by a wide mucilaginous sheath (O stained in India ink). Scale bars: 300 μm (B); 50 μm (C); 5 μm (D–O).
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Arecophilaclypeata (holotype) A material B ascomata on the surface of host C, D section of ascomata E peridium F, G ascus apex with a J+, apical ring (stained in Melzer’s reagent) H–K asci with ascospores L–O ascospores. Scale bars: 500 μm (B, C); 100 μm (D); 10 μm (E, H–K); 5 μm (F, G, L–O).
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Arecophilagulubiicola (BRIP 23002a, holotype) A, B herbarium material with label C ascomata on the host D, E sections of ascomata F paraphyses G–J asci K peridium L, M wedge-shaped, J+ apical ring bluing in Melzer’s reagent N–Q ascospores. Scale bars: 50 μm (D, E); 5 μm (F–Q).
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Arecophilamiscanthi (GZUH0122) A, B ascomata on the surface of host C paraphyses and asci D section of ascoma E peridium F, G apical rings H–K asci with ascospores M–P ascospores. Scale bars: 50 μm (C, D); 10 μm (E, F–K); 5 μm (L–P).
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