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. 2022 Oct;61(7):3487-3497.
doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-02883-2. Epub 2022 May 21.

Pre-diagnostic dietary consumption of calcium and magnesium and calcium-to-magnesium intake ratio and ovarian cancer mortality: results from the ovarian cancer follow-up study (OOPS)

Ting-Ting Gong  1 , Yi-Fan Wei  2   3 , Xin-Yu Li  2   3 , Fang-Hua Liu  2   3 , Zhao-Yan Wen  2   3 , Shi Yan  2   3 , Xue Qin  4 , Song Gao  1 , Xiu-Qin Li  1 , Yu-Hong Zhao  2   3 , Qi-Jun Wu  5   6   7
Affiliations

Pre-diagnostic dietary consumption of calcium and magnesium and calcium-to-magnesium intake ratio and ovarian cancer mortality: results from the ovarian cancer follow-up study (OOPS)

Ting-Ting Gong et al. Eur J Nutr. 2022 Oct.

Abstract

Purpose: Previous studies have indicated that dietary consumption of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and the Ca-to-Mg (Ca:Mg) ratio were associated with different health outcomes. However, no study has evaluated the association of pre-diagnostic Ca, Mg, and Ca:Mg ratio consumption with ovarian cancer (OC) survival.

Methods: The aforementioned associations were investigated in a cohort of 853 Chinese women diagnosed with OC between 2015 and 2020. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate pre-diagnostic diet information. Deaths were recorded until March 31, 2021 via medical records and active follow-up. Cox proportional hazards model was applied to calculate the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results: A total of 130 deaths were observed during a median follow-up of 37.2 months. After adjustment for potential confounders, pre-diagnostic Ca (HR< 600 vs. > 1000 = 1.45, 95% CI = 0.47-4.46, p for trend = 0.69) and Mg (HR< 250 vs. > 330 = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.39-2.08, p for trend = 0.77) intakes were found to be unrelated to OC survival, whereas a higher Ca:Mg intake ratio was significantly associated with worse survival (HR< 1.7 vs. > 2.5 = 2.72, 95% CI = 1.28-5.78, p for trend < 0.05). A significant result was also observed when treating the Ca:Mg ratio as a continuous variable (HR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.12-2.55) for one-unit increment.

Conclusion: Pre-diagnostic consumption of Ca and Mg was unrelated to OC survival, while a higher Ca:Mg intake ratio was strongly associated with worse survival among OC patients.

Keywords: Calcium; Calcium:magnesium ratio; Cohort; Magnesium; Ovarian cancer; Survival.

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