Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2021 Nov 1;27(2):75-81.
doi: 10.1093/pch/pxab074. eCollection 2022 May.

Pediatric hallux valgus: An overview of history, examination, conservative, and surgical management

Alexandra H Seidenstein  1 , Timothy W Torrez  1 , Nicholas A Andrews  1 , David A Patch  1 , Michael J Conklin  1 , Ashish Shah  1
Affiliations
Review

Pediatric hallux valgus: An overview of history, examination, conservative, and surgical management

Alexandra H Seidenstein et al. Paediatr Child Health. .

Abstract

Pediatric hallux valgus (PHV), while relatively rare, is still often encountered by general pediatricians. Herein, we concisely summarize the existing literature regarding the pathogenesis, associated conditions, clinical diagnosis, radiographic characteristics, conservative management, and surgical management of PVH. Though PHV is generally considered benign, the progression of hallux valgus can result in complications. The presence of an open physis in the pediatric age group delineates first line treatment choices, whenever possible, as nonoperative. The general exception to this recommendation is for children with neuromuscular and connective tissues disease who may benefit from earlier surgical management. If conservative approaches fail prior to skeletal maturity, the risk of recurrence and need for revision surgery should be discussed with patients and their families before surgical referral is made. The current review was conducted to aid primary care providers in better understanding the pathogenesis, associated conditions, and intervention options available to manage PHV.

Keywords: Child health; Hallux valgus; Pediatric orthopaedic.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Graphical Abstract
Graphical Abstract
Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Potential etiologies of PVH by age of presentation.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Recommendations for orthopaedic referral.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Standing AP pre- and postoperative radiographs of a 15-year-old female with hallux valgus who underwent a medial cuneiform/first MT fusion (Lapidus procedure) and distal soft tissue realignment. (A) Preoperative AP view shows HVA of 30 degrees. (B) Postoperative AP view shows HVA of 18 degrees. (C) Preoperative AP view shows IMA of 16 degrees. (D) Postoperative AP view shows IMA of 10 degrees.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

References

    1. Davids JR, McBrayer D, Blackhurst DW. Juvenile hallux valgus deformity: Surgical management by lateral hemiepiphyseodesis of the great toe metatarsal. J Pediatr Orthop 2007;27(7):826–30. - PubMed
    1. Harry P. The natural history of hallux valgus in adolescence and early adult life. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1960;42-B(4):749–60.
    1. Chell J, Dhar S. Pediatric hallux valgus. Foot Ankle Clin 2014;19(2):235–43. - PubMed
    1. Harb Z, Kokkinakis M, Ismail H, Spence G. Adolescent hallux valgus: A systematic review of outcomes following surgery. J Child Orthop 2015;9(2):105–12. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Coughlin MJ. Roger A. Mann Award. Juvenile hallux valgus: etiology and treatment. Foot Ankle Int 1995;16(11):682–97. - PubMed