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Review
. 2022 May 4:13:873286.
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.873286. eCollection 2022.

Correlation Between the Presence of Antinuclear Antibodies and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Mini Review

Ting Liu  1 , Xi Guo  2 , Ying Liao  1 , Yingyu Liu  1 , Yuanfang Zhu  1 , Xiaoyan Chen  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Correlation Between the Presence of Antinuclear Antibodies and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Mini Review

Ting Liu et al. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). .

Abstract

In the past decade, the incidence of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) has increased significantly, and immunological disorders have been considered as one of the possible causes contributing to RPL. The presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) is regarded as a typical antibody of autoimmunity. However, the relationship between the presence of ANAs and RPL, the underlying mechanism, and the possible role of immunotherapy is still controversial. The aim of this mini review is to assess the association between ANAs and RPL and the effects of immunotherapy on pregnancy outcomes in women with positive ANAs and a history of RPL from the available data and to provide a relevant reference basis for clinical application in this group of women.

Keywords: antinuclear antibodies (ANAs); immunotherapy; pregnancy outcome; prognostic value; recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Possible mechanisms that ANA may play in pregnancy loss. Firstly, ANA might have a direct adverse effect on the quality and development of oocytes and embryos, resulting in reduced pregnancy and implantation rates. Secondly, the precipitation of immune complex tissues at the maternal–fetal interface may be one of the possible mechanisms. Thirdly, the immune complex tissues may also induce local complement activation with inflammatory infiltration, leading to miscarriage.
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