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Review
. 2022 Feb 22;9(3):165-182.
doi: 10.1093/nop/npac015. eCollection 2022 May.

Primary brain and other central nervous system tumors in the United States (2014-2018): A summary of the CBTRUS statistical report for clinicians

Justin T Low  1   2 , Quinn T Ostrom  1   2   3   4 , Gino Cioffi  3   5 , Corey Neff  2   3 , Kristin A Waite  2   5 , Carol Kruchko  2 , Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan  2   5   6
Affiliations
Review

Primary brain and other central nervous system tumors in the United States (2014-2018): A summary of the CBTRUS statistical report for clinicians

Justin T Low et al. Neurooncol Pract. .

Abstract

Background: The Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) contains information on all primary brain and other central nervous system (CNS) tumors diagnosed in the United States (US). Here we summarize the 2021 CBTRUS annual statistical report for clinicians.

Methods: Incidence survival data are obtained from the Centers for Disease Control's National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) and National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program. Survival data are obtained from NPCR. Mortality data are obtained from the National Vital Statistics System. Incidence and mortality rates are age-adjusted using the 2000 US population and presented per 100,000 population.

Results: An annual average of 86,355 cases of primary malignant and nonmalignant CNS tumors were diagnosed over the period 2014-2018, corresponding to an average annual age-adjusted incidence rate of 24.25. The most commonly occurring malignant tumor was glioblastoma (14.3%), and the most common predominately nonmalignant tumor was meningioma (39%). Over the 2014-2018 period, there were 16,606 annual average deaths due to malignant primary CNS tumors, corresponding to an average annual age-adjusted mortality rate of 4.43. In this report we detail key incidence, survival, and mortality statistics for major primary CNS tumor histologies, highlighting relevant differences by age, sex, and race.

Conclusions: This summary describes the most up to date population-based incidence of primary malignant and nonmalignant brain and other CNS tumors in the US, and mortality and survival for primary malignant tumors and aims to serve as a useful resource for clinicians.

Keywords: CBTRUS; CNS tumors; brain tumors; epidemiology; incidence; mortality; neuro-oncology; survival.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
A) Average annual age-adjusted incidence of brain and other CNS tumors and all other cancers by age group at diagnosis, and B) proportion of total cancers occurring in brain and other CNS by age group at diagnosis (CBTRUS: US Cancer Statistics - NPCR and SEER, 2014–2018).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Distribution of all primary brain and other CNS tumors by behavior for A) children ages 0–14 years old, B) adolescents and young adults 15–39 years and C) adults 40+ years and age-adjusted incidence rates of brain and other CNS tumors by selected histologies for D) children ages 0–14 years old, E) adolescents and young adults 15–39 years and F) adults 40+ years (CBTRUS: US Cancer Statistics - NPCR and SEER, 2014–2018).
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Kaplan–Meier survival curves for the five most common histologies within age group at diagnosis (ages 0–14 years old, 15–39 years old and 40+ years old). (Data provided by CDC’s National Program of Cancer Registries, 2001–2017).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Ostrom QT, Cioffi G, Waite K, Kruchko C, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2014-2018. Neuro Oncol. 2021; 23(Supplement_3):iii1–iii105. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Kruchko C, Ostrom QT, Gittleman H, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. The CBTRUS story: providing accurate population-based statistics on brain and other central nervous system tumors for everyone. Neuro Oncol. 2018; 20(3):295–298. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). National Program of Cancer Registries Cancer Surveillance System Rationale and Approach. 1999; http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/npcr/pdf/npcr_css.pdf. Accessed July 21, 2020.
    1. Cancer Registries Amendment Act, 102nd Cong. § 515. 1992; https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-106/pdf/STATUTE-106-Pg3372.pdf
    1. Benign Brain Tumor Cancer Registries Amendment Act, 107th Cong. § 260. 2002; http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-107publ260/pdf/PLAW-107publ260.pdf. Accessed July 21, 2020.