KSNM60: The History of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences in Korea

Abstract

A number of researchers in Korea have tried to set-up the production of radionuclides and develop new radiopharmaceuticals for several decades. Thanks to their 60-year endeavor to advance the field of radiopharmaceutical sciences, now we have a lot of research units and facilities in Korea. Still, there are huge number of issues to be solved in radiopharmaceutical sciences; however, our efforts will be continued to develop new radiopharmaceuticals and to apply the new radiopharmaceuticals into nuclear medicine field.

Keywords: Cyclotron; Radiochemistry; Radioisotopes; Radiopharmaceutical sciences.

Fig. 1

Gamma spectrum of purified ⁶⁴Cu fraction

Fig. 2

Transverse images of resolution phantom filled with ⁶⁴Cu (left) and ¹⁸F (right) solutions

Fig. 3

Small-animal PET images of [⁸⁹Zr]Zr-oxalate in mice bearing an orthotopically implanted U87MG tumor (left shoulder) and inflammation (right thigh)

Fig. 4

Development of ²⁰⁹Bi target for ²¹¹At production

Fig. 5

Gamma spectrum with HPGe detector for ²¹¹At

Fig. 6

Wet type and dry type synthesis of [¹¹C]CH₃I

Fig. 7

¹⁸F-labeling in aqueous solution by using aluminum fluoride salt

Fig. 8

Lipophilic diaminedisulfur compound having long aliphatic chain for preparation of [¹⁸⁸Re]Re-lipiodol solution

Fig. 9

Preparation of ¹⁸⁸Re-labeled paper for treatment of skin cancer

Fig. 10

⁶⁸Ga-labeled RGD compound for angiogenesis imaging

Fig. 11

Nucleophilic fluorination reaction in ionic liquid [bmim] [BF₄]

Fig. 12

Protic media catalyzed nucleophilic fluorination reaction and ¹⁸F radiofluorination

Fig. 13

Transaxial microPET images of ICR mouse brains; the 0–30-min dynamic images obtained after injection of 2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-CP-118,954 (A) and 4-[¹⁸F]fluoro-donepezil (B), and the 31–60-min images blocked with 0.5 mg/kg of CP-118,954 (A) and donepezil (B)

Fig. 14

Structures of curcumin, ¹⁸F-labeled curcumin derivatives, and 2,6-dimethylcurcumin

Fig. 15

Structure of ¹⁸F-labeled styryltriazole

Fig. 16

MicroPET image of a U87MG tumor-bearing mouse injected with ⁶⁸Ga-NODAGA-VEGF₁₂₁

Fig. 17

Coronal small-animal PET images of rats at taken 30 and 60 minutes after intravenous injection of 37 MBq of [¹⁸F]FATPs. The heart is visible, with excellent heart-to-background contrast at each time point after tracer injection. A (5-[¹⁸F]fluoropentyl)triphenylphosphonium cation ([¹⁸F]FPTP); B (6-[¹⁸F]fluorohexyl)triphenylphosphonium cation ([¹⁸F]FHxTP); C (7-[¹⁸F]fluoroheptyl)triphenylphosphonium cation ([¹⁸F]FHtTP); D (8-[¹⁸F]fluorooctyl)triphenylphosphonium cation ([¹⁸F]FOTP); E (2-(2-[¹⁸F]fluoroethoxy)ethyl)triphenylphosphonium cation ([¹⁸F]FETP); and F (2-(2-[¹⁸F]fluoroethoxy)ethyl)tris(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphonium cation ([¹⁸F]FETMP)). H, heart; L, liver

Fig. 18

Radiolabeling of NOTA-, DOTA-, and DTPA-conjugated repebodies. The right-most panel shows coronal small-animal PET images of nude mice bearing H1650 (white arrows) tumors at 1, 6, and 24 h after tail veil injection of the ⁶⁴Cu-labeled NOTA-, DOTA-, or DTPA-repebodies (each used at 7.4 MBq)

Fig. 19

Representative microPET images showing mice bearing B16F10 (A white arrow) and SK-MEL-3 (B blue arrow) tumors at 30 and 60 min post-injection of [¹⁸F]DMPY2 (n = 5). C MicroPET image and photograph of a mouse bearing two different types of tumor (red arrow, B16F10; yellow arrow, U87MG) at 60 min post-injection of [¹⁸F]DMPY2. D MicroPET and autoradiographic images of [¹⁸F]DMPY2 in a lung metastasis model. E MicroPET image (yellow arrow) and pathological examination of [¹⁸F]DMPY2 in a lymph node metastasis model