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Review
. 2022 Jun;22(6):224-230.
doi: 10.1016/j.bjae.2022.01.003. Epub 2022 Mar 12.

Bacterial endotoxins and exotoxins in intensive care medicine

J R Sheehan  1 , C Sadlier  1 , B O'Brien  1
Affiliations
Review

Bacterial endotoxins and exotoxins in intensive care medicine

J R Sheehan et al. BJA Educ. 2022 Jun.
No abstract available

Keywords: endotoxins; exotoxins; sepsis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1
(A) Bacterium secreting exotoxin produced inside the cell. (B) Bacterium releasing endotoxin from its cell wall.
Fig 2
Fig 2
Lipopolysaccharide molecule made up of O-antigen, core polysaccharide and lipid A.
Fig 3
Fig 3
(A) Specific antigen-presenting cells (APCs) engulf and process antigenic material intracellularly and express the antigen on their cell surface bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-II. These bound antigens are only recognised by T4 lymphocytes having a T-cell receptor (TCR) with a corresponding shape. (B) Superantigen attaching directly onto MHCII on the APC and TCR on T4 lymphocytes activating the T4 lymphocyte non-specifically.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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