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. 2022 May 10:10:897185.
doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.897185. eCollection 2022.

Arnica Montana L. Supercritical Extraction Optimization for Antibiotic and Anticancer Activity

Taja Žitek  1 , Vesna Postružnik  1 , Željko Knez  1   2 , Andrej Golle  3 , Barbara Dariš  2 , Maša Knez Marevci  1
Affiliations

Arnica Montana L. Supercritical Extraction Optimization for Antibiotic and Anticancer Activity

Taja Žitek et al. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. .

Abstract

Arnica montana L. flower heads are known for their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activity. The aim of this work was to optimize the process of supercritical CO2 extraction, to achieve high extraction yield and high content of biologically active components, and to confirm the antimicrobial and anticancer activity of the extract. The influence of pressure and temperature on the total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and proanthocyanidin content was evaluated. The pressure and temperature were found to be interdependent. A temperature of 60°C and a pressure of 30 MPa resulted in a high extraction yield, antioxidant activity and phenolic content. The content of proanthocyanidins was highest at a pressure between 18 and 24 MPa. The extracts inhibited three different microorganisms successfully; Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 5.16 mg/ml and showed anticancer activity decrease up to 85% at a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml.

Keywords: active ingredients; anticarcinogenic activity; antimicrobial activity; mountain arnica; natural extract.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Effect of pressure and temperature on (A) efficiency, (B) antioxidant activity, (C) total phenolic content and (D) proanthocyanidine content. Where a) shows the three-dimensional response surface and b) Two-dimensional contour plot.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Morphological changes of melanoma WM-266-4 cells after exposure to different concentrations of A. montana extract.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Anticancer activity of A. montana extract against melanoma WM266-4 cells, 24 h after exposure to various concentrations.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Apoptotic activity of A. montana extract against melanoma WM-266-4 cells at various extract concentrations (c1 = 0.1 mg/mL, c2 = 0.25 mg/mL, c3 = 0.5 mg/mL).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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