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. 2022 Apr 29;11(5):685.
doi: 10.3390/biology11050685.

Comparison of the Modified TyG Indices and Other Parameters to Predict Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Youth

Kyungchul Song  1 , Hae Won Lee  1 , Han Saem Choi  2 , Goeun Park  3 , Hye Sun Lee  3 , Su Jin Kim  1 , Myeongseob Lee  1 , Junghwan Suh  1 , Ahreum Kwon  1 , Ho-Seong Kim  1 , Hyun Wook Chae  1
Affiliations

Comparison of the Modified TyG Indices and Other Parameters to Predict Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Youth

Kyungchul Song et al. Biology (Basel). .

Abstract

We investigated the modified triglycerides-glucose (TyG) indices and other markers for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in 225 participants aged 10-19 years, and the participants were divided into subgroups according to their NAFLD grade. We performed logistic regression analysis and calculated the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of tertiles 2 and 3 for each parameter, with those of tertile 1 as a reference. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated to compare the parameters for identifying NAFLD. TyG and modified indices, aspartate transaminase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI)-body mass index (BMI), APRI-BMI standard deviation score (SDS), APRI waist-to-hip ratio, fibrosis-4 index (FIB)-4, and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) were higher in participants with NAFLD than in those without NAFLD. The ORs and 95% CIs for NAFLD progressively increased across tertiles of each parameter. TyG and modified TyG indices, FIB-4, HSI, and modified APRIs, except APRI waist-to-height ratio, predicted NAFLD significantly through ROC curves. Modified TyG indices, APRI-BMI SDS, and HSI were superior to the other markers for NAFLD prediction. Modified TyG indices, APRI-BMI SDS, and HSI appear to be useful for assessing NAFLD in youths.

Keywords: adolescent; biomarkers; child; glucose; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; triglycerides.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Design and flowchart of the study population. HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus.
Figure 2
Figure 2
TyG and modified TyG indices according to the NAFLD grade. The black bar is the NAFLD grade group, the gray bar is the NAFLD grade 1 group, the white bar is the NAFLD grade 2 group, and the bar with the dotted pattern is the NAFLD grade 3 group. The number on the bar is the p-value of the analysis of variance. (A) TyG index according to the NAFLD grade. (B) TyG-BMI according to the NAFLD grade. (C) TyG-BMI SDS according to the NAFLD grade. (D) TyG-WC according to the NAFLD grade. (E) TyG-WHR according to the NAFLD grade. (F) TyG-WHtR according to the NAFLD grade. TyG, triglyceride glucose index; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; BMI, body mass index; SDS, standard deviation score; WC, waist circumference; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; WHtR, waist-to-height ratio.
Figure 2
Figure 2
TyG and modified TyG indices according to the NAFLD grade. The black bar is the NAFLD grade group, the gray bar is the NAFLD grade 1 group, the white bar is the NAFLD grade 2 group, and the bar with the dotted pattern is the NAFLD grade 3 group. The number on the bar is the p-value of the analysis of variance. (A) TyG index according to the NAFLD grade. (B) TyG-BMI according to the NAFLD grade. (C) TyG-BMI SDS according to the NAFLD grade. (D) TyG-WC according to the NAFLD grade. (E) TyG-WHR according to the NAFLD grade. (F) TyG-WHtR according to the NAFLD grade. TyG, triglyceride glucose index; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; BMI, body mass index; SDS, standard deviation score; WC, waist circumference; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; WHtR, waist-to-height ratio.
Figure 3
Figure 3
ROC for each variable to predict NAFLD in the participants. NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. TyG: triglyceride glucose index; BMI: body mass index; SDS: standard deviation score; WC: waist circumference; WHR: waist-to-hip ratio; WHtR: waist-to-height ratio; APRI: aspartate aminotransferase to platelet index; FIB-4: Fibrosis-4 index; HSI: hepatic steatosis index.
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