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Review
. 2022 May 18;12(5):1262.
doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12051262.

Endoscopic Imaging Technology Today

Axel Boese  1 , Cora Wex  2 , Roland Croner  2 , Uwe Bernd Liehr  3 , Johann Jakob Wendler  3 , Jochen Weigt  4 , Thorsten Walles  5 , Ulrich Vorwerk  6 , Christoph Hubertus Lohmann  7 , Michael Friebe  1   8 , Alfredo Illanes  1
Affiliations
Review

Endoscopic Imaging Technology Today

Axel Boese et al. Diagnostics (Basel). .

Abstract

One of the most applied imaging methods in medicine is endoscopy. A highly specialized image modality has been developed since the first modern endoscope, the "Lichtleiter" of Bozzini was introduced in the early 19th century. Multiple medical disciplines use endoscopy for diagnostics or to visualize and support therapeutic procedures. Therefore, the shapes, functionalities, handling concepts, and the integrated and surrounding technology of endoscopic systems were adapted to meet these dedicated medical application requirements. This survey gives an overview of modern endoscopic technology's state of the art. Therefore, the portfolio of several manufacturers with commercially available products on the market was screened and summarized. Additionally, some trends for upcoming developments were collected.

Keywords: artificial intelligence; big data; endoscope provider; endoscopy; future technologies; image analysis; image processing; medical technology; technology; trends.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) Example of an endoscopic imaging system of KARL STORZ. The modular video processor IMAGE 1 allows the connection of various endoscopic devices. (b) Endoscopy workplace for ENT with OLYMPUS video processor, light sources and flexible endoscopes on the right.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) Variants of rigid endoscopes, left: KARL STORZ EndoCAMeleon with the steerable field of view 0–120°, OLYMPUS 10 mm laparoscope 30 cm, right top-down: OLYMPUS 10 mm rigid laryngoscope with a detachable handle and 70° view, KARL STORZ 4 mm sinuscope 70° view, OLYMPUS 4 mm sinuscope 0° straight view, OLYMPUS 4 mm steerable multi view sinuscope (b) general components of a rigid OLYMPUS 4 mm sinuscope with 70° angled view.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Variants of flexible endoscopes: Fujifilm gastroscope, KARL STORZ cystoscope, OLYMPUS rhinolaryngoscope, flexible fiber endoscope (b) Flexible video endoscope components, upper row: Fujifilm connector plug to the imaging system, Fujifilm gastroscope handle, lower row: Fujifilm gastroscope tip, Fujifilm duodenoscope tip, KARL STORZ cystoscope tip, OLYMPUS rhinolaryngoscope tip.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a) Camera heads with C-mount connector, upper row: OLYMPUS pendulum camera, KARL STORZ H3P CCD camera, OLYMPUS CCD autoclavable camera (b) integrated cameras, upper row: Intuitive Da Vinci stereo camera, OLYMPUS rhinolaryngoscope camera, lower row: Medtronic PillCam with LED lights, Fujifilm duodenoscope camera.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Fujifilm endoscopy system with EX1 CADEYE AI platform on top.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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