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. 2022 May 18;23(10):5665.
doi: 10.3390/ijms23105665.

Volatiles Accumulation during Young Pomelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.) Fruits Development

Nan Xiang  1 , Yihan Zhao  1 , Bing Zhang  1 , Qiuming Gu  2 , Weiling Chen  2 , Xinbo Guo  1
Affiliations

Volatiles Accumulation during Young Pomelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.) Fruits Development

Nan Xiang et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

As widely planted fruits with high nutritional and medical values, pomelos are managed systematically to achieve the largest economic benefits. But the annual shedding of young pomelos, which could be applied as feedstocks for essential oil extraction with their abundant volatiles, leads to a waste of source. The present study selected two commonly planted pomelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.) varieties in Southern China, to investigate the volatile profiles during young pomelo fruits development. Combing transcriptomic analysis, this study aimed at identifying the prominent volatile components in young pomelo fruits in order to preferably extract profitable volatiles, as well, increasing the knowledge concerning regulatory roles of transcription factors (TFs) on volatiles accumulation in young pomelos. Totally 29 volatiles were identified, including 14 monoterpenoids and 13 sesquiterpenoids. Diprene was the principal component with the highest amount. Volatiles were generally decreased during fruits development but preferable stages were figured out for volatile collections. 12 and 17 TFs were related to developing time while ERF003 and MYC2 were highly correlated to monoterpenoids. These findings put forward the comprehensive usages of young pomelos and enriched the regulatory roles of TFs on both fruit development and volatiles metabolism.

Keywords: fruit ripening; transcription factors; transcriptomic; volatiles; young pomelos.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The transcriptomic results of young pomelo fruits. (A) Venn plot of six comparing groups in two varieties of young pomelo fruits. (B) The up- and down-regulated DEGs in two varieties of young pomelo fruits (FC > 2, p < 0.01). (C) KEGG enrichments of DEGs in two varieties of young pomelo fruits.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Screening of transcription factors (TFs). (A) Time cluster results in two varieties of young pomelo fruits. (B) TFs enrichments in specific clusters. In GP, clusters 2 and 7 were separately selected for enriching up- and down-regulated TFs during fruits development; In HP, clusters 1, 2 and 7were selected for enriching up-regulated TFs while clusters 3 and 9 were selected for enriching down-regulated TFs during fruits development. (C) Venn plots of the up- and down-regulated TFs in GP and HP varieties. (D) The FPKM values of TFs that belonged to the intersection of GP and HP varieties.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Volatile profiles in young pomelo fruits. The numbers stand for volatiles which could be referred in Table S2. (A) PCA analysis results. (B) The coefficients of volatiles correlated to development stages in two varieties of young pomelo fruits.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Varied contents of volatiles during young pomelo fruits development. IPDMEC: (1R,7S,E)-7-Isopropyl-4,10-dimethylenecyclodec-5-enol.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Gene-traits correlation heatmap of WGCNA results. HDA: Hexadecanoic acid; IPDMEC: (1R,7S,E)-7-Isopropyl-4,10-dimethylenecyclodec-5-enol.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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