Detection of Specific Immune Cell Subpopulation Changes Associated with Systemic Immune Inflammation-Index Level in Germ Cell Tumors

doi:10.3390/life12050678

. 2022 May 2;12(5):678.

doi: 10.3390/life12050678.

Detection of Specific Immune Cell Subpopulation Changes Associated with Systemic Immune Inflammation-Index Level in Germ Cell Tumors

Katarina Kalavska^{1

2}, Zuzana Sestakova^{3

4}, Andrea Mlcakova⁵, Paulina Gronesova⁶, Viera Miskovska⁷, Katarina Rejlekova^{8

9}, Daniela Svetlovska¹, Zuzana Sycova-Mila⁹, Jana Obertova^{8

9}, Patrik Palacka^{8

9}, Jozef Mardiak^{8

9}, Miroslav Chovanec³, Michal Chovanec^{8

9}, Michal Mego^{1

3

8

9}

Affiliations

¹ Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia.
² Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy Sciences, 814 39 Bratislava, Slovakia.
³ Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy Sciences, 814 39 Bratislava, Slovakia.
⁴ Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institute of Children's Diseases, 831 01 Bratislava, Slovakia.
⁵ Department of Hematology, National Cancer Institute, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia.
⁶ Department of Tumor Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy Sciences, 814 39 Bratislava, Slovakia.
⁷ 1st Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, St. Elisabeth Cancer Institute, Comenius University, 812 50 Bratislava, Slovakia.
⁸ 2nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, National Cancer Institute, Comenius University, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia.
⁹ Department of Oncology, National Cancer Institute, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia.

PMID: 35629346
PMCID: PMC9147028
DOI: 10.3390/life12050678

Detection of Specific Immune Cell Subpopulation Changes Associated with Systemic Immune Inflammation-Index Level in Germ Cell Tumors

Katarina Kalavska et al. Life (Basel). 2022.

. 2022 May 2;12(5):678.

doi: 10.3390/life12050678.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia.
² Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy Sciences, 814 39 Bratislava, Slovakia.
³ Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy Sciences, 814 39 Bratislava, Slovakia.
⁴ Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institute of Children's Diseases, 831 01 Bratislava, Slovakia.
⁵ Department of Hematology, National Cancer Institute, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia.
⁶ Department of Tumor Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy Sciences, 814 39 Bratislava, Slovakia.
⁷ 1st Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, St. Elisabeth Cancer Institute, Comenius University, 812 50 Bratislava, Slovakia.
⁸ 2nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, National Cancer Institute, Comenius University, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia.
⁹ Department of Oncology, National Cancer Institute, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia.

PMID: 35629346
PMCID: PMC9147028
DOI: 10.3390/life12050678

Abstract

The tumor microenvironment (TME) and the host inflammatory response are closely interconnected. The interplay between systemic inflammation and the local immune response may influence tumor development and progression in various types of cancer. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) represents a prognostic marker for germ cell tumors (GCTs). The aim of the present study was to detect specific immune cell subpopulation changes which were associated with the SII level in chemotherapy-naïve GCT patients. In total, 51 GCT patients, prior to cisplatin-based chemotherapy, were included in the present study. Immunophenotyping of peripheral blood leukocyte subpopulations was performed using flow cytometry. The SII level was correlated with the percentage of various leukocyte subpopulations. The obtained results demonstrated that SII levels above the cut-off value of SII ≥ 1003 were associated with higher neutrophil percentages. An inverse correlation was found between the SII and the peripheral lymphocyte percentage that logically reflects the calculations of the SII index. Furthermore, the presented data also showed that in the lymphocyte subpopulation, the association with the SII was driven by T-cell subpopulations. In innate immunity-cell subpopulations, we observed a correlation between SII level and neutrophils as well as associations with eosinophil, basophil, natural killer cell and dendritic cell percentages. We suppose that the described interactions represent a manifestation of cancer-induced immune suppression. The results of the present study contribute to the elucidation of the interrelationship between tumor cells and the innate/adaptive immune system of the host.

Keywords: germ cell tumors; leukocyte subpopulations; lymphocytopenia; neutrophilia; systemic immune–inflammation index.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Kaplan–Meier curves. The probabilities of (A) PFS (p = 0.0274) and (B) OS (p = 0.1025) according to the SII value.

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[1] Fridman W.H., Zitvogel L., Sautès-Fridman C., Kroemer G. The immune contexture in cancer prognosis and treatment. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 2017;14:717–734. doi: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2017.101. - DOI - PubMed

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[9] Mantovani A., Allavena P., Sica A., Balkwill F. Cancer-related inflammation. Nature. 2008;454:436–444. doi: 10.1038/nature07205. - DOI - PubMed

[10] Mantovani A., Allavena P., Sica A., Balkwill F. Cancer-related inflammation. Nature. 2008;454:436–444. doi: 10.1038/nature07205. - DOI - PubMed

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Detection of Specific Immune Cell Subpopulation Changes Associated with Systemic Immune Inflammation-Index Level in Germ Cell Tumors

Affiliations

Detection of Specific Immune Cell Subpopulation Changes Associated with Systemic Immune Inflammation-Index Level in Germ Cell Tumors

Authors

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Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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Abstract

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