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. 2022 Apr 24;58(5):584.
doi: 10.3390/medicina58050584.

The Influence of Periodontal Disease on Oral Health Quality of Life in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: A Cross-Sectional Observational Single-Center Study

Pompilia Camelia Lazureanu  1 , Florina Georgeta Popescu  2 , Laura Stef  3 , Mircea Focsa  4 , Monica Adriana Vaida  5 , Romeo Mihaila  6
Affiliations

The Influence of Periodontal Disease on Oral Health Quality of Life in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: A Cross-Sectional Observational Single-Center Study

Pompilia Camelia Lazureanu et al. Medicina (Kaunas). .

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of global death with a rising prevalence and a heavy economic burden. Periodontal disease has been associated with cardiovascular diseases—including incident coronary heart disease, peripheral artery disease and ischemic stroke. The study evaluates the quality of life of patients with cardiovascular and periodontal disease from the point of view of oral health by using the short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire. Materials and Methods: This study included a total of 221 patients (61.86 ± 15.03 years old) selected from the Emergency Hospital of Sibiu, Romania. The participants self-completed the OHIP-14 questionnaire and they benefited from an oral health examination conducted to assess the presence and the severity of periodontal disease. Results: Out of the 147 patients with cardiovascular disease, 77.5% had periodontal disease (32.6% stage I, 29.2% stage II, and 15.6% stage III and IV). The presence of periodontal disease was associated with a lower oral-health-related quality of life (p < 0.001, ANOVA) and with a higher OHIP-14 score in patients with cardiovascular disease (18.67 ± 8.17, p < 0.001 ANOVA). No significant difference was observed concerning patient sex and background; however, age, body mass index and the lack of an appropriate oral hygiene routine had a strong association with the individual quality of life. The general OHIP-14 score was higher in patients with periodontal disease and associated cardiovascular disease, the presence of both cardiovascular and periodontal disease being associated with a lower quality of life. Conclusions: By increasing the patients’ awareness to oral healthcare measures, better outcomes and improved oral-health-related quality of life could be observed.

Keywords: OHIP-14; cardiovascular disease; periodontal disease; quality of life.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Patient selection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution of periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease in the study group (CV+ patients with cardiovascular disease, CV− without cardiovascular disease, PD+ with periodontal disease, PD− without periodontal disease).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Periodontal disease and associated cardiovascular disease in association with the general OHIP-14 score (Group 0: no cardiovascular/no periodontal disease (N = 57); Group 1: cardiovascular disease only (N = 147); Group 2: periodontal disease only (N = 131); Group 3: periodontal and cardiovascular disease (N = 114)). The dots in group 0 and group 2 represent extreme values of OHIP-14 general score: 0 and 23, respectively.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The normality of the standardized residual distribution compared to the deviations from the normal (Mean = −1.13*1015 Std. Dev. = 0.993 N = 221).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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