Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 May 12;27(10):3116.
doi: 10.3390/molecules27103116.

Bio-Active Compounds from Teucrium Plants Used in the Traditional Medicine of Kurdistan Region, Iraq

Fuad O Abdullah  1   2 , Faiq H S Hussain  3 , Abdullah Sh Sardar  4 , Gianluca Gilardoni  5 , Zaw Min Thu  6 , Giovanni Vidari  3   7
Affiliations
Review

Bio-Active Compounds from Teucrium Plants Used in the Traditional Medicine of Kurdistan Region, Iraq

Fuad O Abdullah et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Herbal medicine is still widely practiced in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq, especially by people living in villages in mountainous regions. Seven taxa belonging to the genus Teucrium (family Lamiaceae) are commonly employed in the Kurdish traditional medicine, especially to treat jaundice, stomachache and abdominal problems. We report, in this paper, a comprehensive account about the chemical structures and bioactivities of most representative specialized metabolites isolated from these plants. These findings indicate that Teucrium plants used in the folk medicine of Iraqi Kurdistan are natural sources of specialized metabolites that are potentially beneficial to human health.

Keywords: Kurdish traditional medicine; Teucrium; bio-active secondary metabolites; biological activities; hepatotoxicity.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The approximate map of the Kurdish-populated region (“Kurdistan”) which includes parts of Turkey, Syria, Iraq and Iran (taken and adapted from https://www.bing.com/images/search for Kurdistan, latest accessed on 24 April 2022).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Representative iridoids and iridoid glycosides isolated from Teucrium chamaedrys, Teucrium oliverianum and Teucrium polium.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Representative neo-clerodane diterpenoids isolated from Teucrium chamaedrys and Teucrium scordium subspecies scordioides.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Representative neo-clerodane diterpenoids isolated from Teucrium chamaedrys and Teucrium oliverianum.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Representative neo-clerodane diterpenoids isolated from Teucrium polium.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Representative flavonoids isolated from Teucrium chamaedrys, Teucrium oliverianum and Teucrium polium.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Representative verbascoside derivatives isolated from Teucrium chamaedrys and Teucrium polium.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Representative phenolics, lignans and miscellaneous compounds isolated from Teucrium chamaedrys and Teucrium polium.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Representative abeo-abietane diterpenoids isolated from Teucrium polium.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Representative sesquiterpenoids isolated from Teucrium polium.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Representative triterpenoids and sterols isolated from Teucrium polium.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Representative terpenoids contained in essential oils isolated from Teucrium taxa.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Mathur S., Hoskins C. Drug development: Lessons from nature. Biomed. Rep. 2017;6:612–614. doi: 10.3892/br.2017.909. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Mati E., de Boer H. Ethnobotany and trade of medicinal plants in the Qaysari Market, Kurdish Autonomous Region, Iraq. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2011;133:490–510. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.10.023. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Brusotti G., Ibrahim M.F., Dentamaro A., Gilardoni G., Tosi S., Grisoli P., Cesare Dacarro C., Guglielminetti M.L., Hussain F.H.S., Caccialanza G., et al. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the volatile fractions from leaves and flowers of the wild Iraqi Kurdish plant Prangos peucedanifolia Fenzl. Chem. Biodivers. 2013;10:274–280. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.201200202. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Ahmad S.A., Askari A.A. Ethnobotany of the Hawraman region of Kurdistan Iraq. Harv. Pap. Bot. 2015;20:85–89. doi: 10.3100/hpib.v20iss1.2015.n8. - DOI
    1. Mahmud S.A., Al-Habib O.A.M., Bugonl S., Clericuzio M., Vidari G. A new ursane-type triterpenoid and other constituents from the leaves of Crataegus azarolus var. aronia. Nat. Prod. Commun. 2016;11:1637–1639. doi: 10.1177/1934578X1601101103. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources