Real-time motion monitoring improves functional MRI data quality in infants

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Electronic address: carolinabdandrea@email.wustl.edu.
² Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
³ Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
⁴ Data Science and Sharing Team, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20899, USA.
⁵ Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
⁶ Institute of Child Development, College of Education and Human Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
⁷ Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
⁸ Institute of Child Development, College of Education and Human Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
⁹ Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
¹¹ Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

PMID: 35636344
PMCID: PMC9157440
DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101116

Real-time motion monitoring improves functional MRI data quality in infants

Carolina Badke D'Andrea et al. Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2022 Jun.

. 2022 Jun:55:101116.

doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101116. Epub 2022 May 21.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Electronic address: carolinabdandrea@email.wustl.edu.
² Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
³ Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
⁴ Data Science and Sharing Team, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20899, USA.
⁵ Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
⁶ Institute of Child Development, College of Education and Human Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
⁷ Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
⁸ Institute of Child Development, College of Education and Human Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
⁹ Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
¹¹ Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

PMID: 35636344
PMCID: PMC9157440
DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101116

Abstract

Imaging the infant brain with MRI has improved our understanding of early neurodevelopment. However, head motion during MRI acquisition is detrimental to both functional and structural MRI scan quality. Though infants are typically scanned while asleep, they commonly exhibit motion during scanning causing data loss. Our group has shown that providing MRI technicians with real-time motion estimates via Framewise Integrated Real-Time MRI Monitoring (FIRMM) software helps obtain high-quality, low motion fMRI data. By estimating head motion in real time and displaying motion metrics to the MR technician during an fMRI scan, FIRMM can improve scanning efficiency. Here, we compared average framewise displacement (FD), a proxy for head motion, and the amount of usable fMRI data (FD ≤ 0.2 mm) in infants scanned with (n = 407) and without FIRMM (n = 295). Using a mixed-effects model, we found that the addition of FIRMM to current state-of-the-art infant scanning protocols significantly increased the amount of usable fMRI data acquired per infant, demonstrating its value for research and clinical infant neuroimaging.

Keywords: Functional MRI; Head motion; Infant brain; Neurodevelopment; Neuroimaging.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Carolina Badke D’Andrea reports a relationship with Nous Imaging Inc that includes: consulting or advisory and equity or stocks. Nico U.F. Dosenbach reports a relationship with Nous Imaging Inc that includes: board membership, equity or stocks, funding grants, and travel reimbursement. Damien Fair reports a relationship with Nous Imaging Inc that includes: board membership, equity or stocks, funding grants, and travel reimbursement. Jonathan M. Koller reports a relationship with Nous Imaging Inc that includes: employment and equity or stocks. Co-Authors previously employed by Nous Imaging Inc - C.B.D., A.E.M., E.A.E. May receive royalty income based on FIRMM technology - A.E.M., E.A.E., J.M.K., D.A.F., N.U.F.D.

Figures

**Fig. 1**
FIRMM prototype software available in 2017 and used for data collection in Cohorts 4 and 5. (a) *Motion Trace:* plot of FD values for each frame. (b) Minutes and percentage of fMRI data below 0.2 mm for a given scan run; (c) *Progress to criteria:* total minutes of data collected compared to a predetermined minimum goal; and (d) *Collected Low Movement Frames:* running total of minutes, percent, and number of frames of data below the set threshold.

**Fig. 2**
Mean FD and percentage of usable fMRI data collected without (red) and with (blue) FIRMM. (a) Mean FD values; (b) Percentage of usable data defined as frames with FD ≤ 0.2 mm. Each dot (black) represents a subject; error bars indicate standard error of the mean; gray shading denotes cohorts collected using FIRMM.

**Fig. 3**
Gestational age and fMRI data quality by cohort. Greater amounts of fMRI data were retained for infants scanned with FIRMM (blue) than for infants scanned without FIRMM (red), independent of gestational age.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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Real-time motion monitoring improves functional MRI data quality in infants

Affiliations

Real-time motion monitoring improves functional MRI data quality in infants

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

References

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources