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. 2022 Jul;47(4):193-209.
doi: 10.1080/87565641.2022.2082430. Epub 2022 Jun 1.

Decision-making and Risky Behavior in Individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A 10-year Longitudinal Study

Stian Orm  1   2 , Yehuda Pollak  3 , Ingrid Nesdal Fossum  1   2 , Per Normann Andersen  4 , Merete Glenne Øie  2   5 , Erik Winther Skogli  1
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Decision-making and Risky Behavior in Individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A 10-year Longitudinal Study

Stian Orm et al. Dev Neuropsychol. 2022 Jul.

Abstract

We assessed 85 children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and 50 typically developing children (TD) (Mage = 11.59, 57.8% boys) with the Hungry Donkey Task (HDT) at baseline and 2-year follow-up, and the Iowa Gambling Task at 10-year follow-up (75% retention). Improvement in the proportion of advantageous choices was observed from two- to 10-year follow-up, but the ADHD group improved less and was outperformed by the TD group at the 10-year follow-up. More advantageous choices on the HDT at baseline predicted less risky behavior at 10-year follow-up. Male sex and more inattentive or externalizing symptoms at baseline predicted more risky behavior.

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