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Review
. 2022 May 27:55:e11795.
doi: 10.1590/1414-431X2022e11795. eCollection 2022.

Reviewing physical exercise in non-obese diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats

B S M Galán  1 , T D A Serdan  1   2 , L E Rodrigues  1 , R Manoel  1 , R Gorjão  1 , L N Masi  1 , T C Pithon-Curi  1 , R Curi  1   3 , S M Hirabara  1
Affiliations
Review

Reviewing physical exercise in non-obese diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats

B S M Galán et al. Braz J Med Biol Res. .

Abstract

There is a high incidence of non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (non-obese-T2DM) cases, particularly in Asian countries, for which the pathogenesis remains mainly unclear. Interestingly, Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats spontaneously develop insulin resistance (IR) and non-obese-T2DM, making them a lean diabetes model. Physical exercise is a non-pharmacological therapeutic approach to reduce adipose tissue mass, improving peripheral IR, glycemic control, and quality of life in obese animals or humans with T2DM. In this narrative review, we selected and analyzed the published literature on the effects of physical exercise on the metabolic features associated with non-obese-T2DM. Only randomized controlled trials with regular physical exercise training, freely executed physical activity, or skeletal muscle stimulation protocols in GK rats published after 2008 were included. The results indicated that exercise reduces plasma insulin levels, increases skeletal muscle glycogen content, improves exercise tolerance, protects renal and myocardial function, and enhances blood oxygen flow in GK rats.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Flow chart of the study selection process for review preparation. GK: Goto-Kakizaki.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Risk of bias assessments for review studies of exercise intervention in Goto-Kakizaki rats. Low risk of bias: if present, is unlikely to alter the results seriously; unclear risk of bias: a risk of bias that raises some doubt about results; high risk of bias: bias may alter the results seriously.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Main findings reported in the reviewed articles on physical exercise in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Summary of the physical exercise effects in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats of different ages.
Figure 5
Figure 5. The effects of physical exercise on different tissues and organs of obese and non-obese (GK: Goto-Kakizaki) type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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