B-Cell Lymphoma Producing IgM Anti-B Antibody: A Case Report

Abstract

ABO blood group system is the most important blood group system in transfusion and transplantation medicine. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) worldwide. There have been some studies that lymphoma could affect ABO blood group system and thus affect blood transfusion strategy. However, the mechanisms lymphoma affecting ABO blood group system have not been fully elucidated so far. Here, we report a case of a patient who was a 72-year-old Chinese man came to our hospital for medical advice because of cervical lymphadenophathy. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by lymph-node biopsy. His ABO blood group was initially typed as B on November 7, 2020. He was transfusing B type leukocyte poor RBCs (LPR) before we found the patient's ABO blood group discrepancy on December 2, 2020 by forward and reverse typing methods, which the discrepancy was verified by genotyping. The patient began to transfuse O type washed RBCs (WRBC) since then. Compared to transfuse B type leukocyte poor RBCs (LPR), the efficiency of transfusing O type washed RBCs (WRBC) was better. Although hemoglobin level did not greatly improve, indirect bilirubin level evidently decreased. Furthermore, we found B-cell lymphoma affected blood transfusion strategy by producing IgM anti-B antibody in this case. Clinicians should need to be aware of the effect of B-cell lymphoma on blood transfusion strategy.

Keywords: ABO blood group discrepancy; B-cell lymphoma; case report; genotyping; serology.

FIGURE 1

A timeline of the patient’s medical history and course of care. Hb, hemoglobin; LPR, leukocyte poor red blood cell; WRBC, washed red blood cell.

FIGURE 2

Pedigree of the ABO phenotype and genotype of the proband and family members. The ABO phenotype is in bold (above), whereas the genotype is in plain text (below). □ Male; ○ Female; ●■ Carriers with O07 allele; ╱ Samples not acquired; ↗ The proband.

FIGURE 3

The results of gene sequence of the family in exon 6 and 7. (A) Gene sequence of the proband. (B) Gene sequence of his daughter and son. (C) Gene sequence of his grandson 1. (D) Gene sequence of his grandson 3.