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Review
. 2022 May 18:13:878771.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.878771. eCollection 2022.

Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease - Putative Pathomechanisms and Targets for Disease-Modification

Alexander Grotemeyer  1 , Rhonda Leah McFleder  1 , Jingjing Wu  1 , Jörg Wischhusen  2 , Chi Wang Ip  1
Affiliations
Review

Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease - Putative Pathomechanisms and Targets for Disease-Modification

Alexander Grotemeyer et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive and debilitating chronic disease that affects more than six million people worldwide, with rising prevalence. The hallmarks of PD are motor deficits, the spreading of pathological α-synuclein clusters in the central nervous system, and neuroinflammatory processes. PD is treated symptomatically, as no causally-acting drug or procedure has been successfully established for clinical use. Various pathways contributing to dopaminergic neuron loss in PD have been investigated and described to interact with the innate and adaptive immune system. We discuss the possible contribution of interconnected pathways related to the immune response, focusing on the pathophysiology and neurodegeneration of PD. In addition, we provide an overview of clinical trials targeting neuroinflammation in PD.

Keywords: Parkinson’s disease; T cells; animal models; inflammatory cascades; microglia; neurodegeneration; neuroinflammation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Illustration of proinflammatory cascade and main cytokines contributing to cell death in Parkinson’s disease - Created with BioRender.com.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Illustration of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and the different interactions of the renin-angiotensin-[aldosterone] system RAAS substrates on receptors. - Created with BioRender.com.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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