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Review
. 2022 Aug;22(8):467-474.
doi: 10.1007/s11910-022-01209-3. Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Treatment of Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures

M Raquel Lopez  1   2 , W Curt LaFrance  3   4
Affiliations
Review

Treatment of Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures

M Raquel Lopez et al. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2022 Aug.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are the most common Functional Neurological Disorder/Conversion Disorder subtype. Significant advances have been made related to diagnosis, neurobiology, and treatment. In this review, we summarize updates in diagnosis and management over the past 3 years.

Recent findings: Although evidence is mixed for the treatment of PNES, psychotherapeutic modalities remain a powerful instrument to empower patients and reduce seizures. A multidisciplinary, holistic approach is beneficial. While seizure freedom in all patients may not be the achieved endpoint in this chronic, paroxysmal disorder, quality of life can be improved with treatment. Additional treatment modalities and further research are needed for patients who are refractory to current treatment. Evidence-based therapies exist for PNES, and recent findings represent an increased understanding of the clinical and neurophysiologic aspects of PNES.

Keywords: Cognitive behavioral therapy; Dissociative seizures; Functional seizures; Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures; Treatment.

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References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance
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