Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 May 29;23(11):6084.
doi: 10.3390/ijms23116084.

New Potential Agents for Malignant Melanoma Treatment-Most Recent Studies 2020-2022

Paweł Kozyra  1 , Danuta Krasowska  2 , Monika Pitucha  1
Affiliations
Review

New Potential Agents for Malignant Melanoma Treatment-Most Recent Studies 2020-2022

Paweł Kozyra et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most lethal skin cancer. Despite a 4% reduction in mortality over the past few years, an increasing number of new diagnosed cases appear each year. Long-term therapy and the development of resistance to the drugs used drive the search for more and more new agents with anti-melanoma activity. This review focuses on the most recent synthesized anti-melanoma agents from 2020-2022. For selected agents, apart from the analysis of biological activity, the structure-activity relationship (SAR) is also discussed. To the best of our knowledge, the following literature review delivers the latest achievements in the field of new anti-melanoma agents.

Keywords: BRAF kinase; MAPK pathway; PI3K–AKT pathway; anticancer activity; cancer; heterocyclic derivatives; ion channels; melanoma; targeted therapy.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A simplified scheme of the most studied signaling pathways for the development of melanoma: (a) MAPK pathway, (b) PI3K pathway.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Imidazole derivatives with anti-melanoma activity.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Benzimidazole derivatives with anti-melanoma activity.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Imidazothiazole derivatives with anti-melanoma activity.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Quinoline derivatives with anti-melanoma activity.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Pyrazolopirimidine derivatives with anti-melanoma activity.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Indole derivatives with anti-melanoma activity.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Sesquiterpene lactone derivatives with anti-melanoma activity.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Heterotricyclic derivatives with anti-melanoma activity.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Jaspine B derivatives with anti-melanoma activity.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Cinnamic acid derivatives with anti-melanoma activity.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Thiosemicarbazone and -zide derivatives with anti-melanoma activity.
Figure 13
Figure 13
Other derivatives with anti-melanoma activity.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Ernst M., Giubellino A. The Current State of Treatment and Future Directions in Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma. Biomedicines. 2022;10:822. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10040822. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Matthews N.H., Li W.-Q., Qureshi A.A., Weinstock M.A., Cho E. Epidemiology of Melanoma. In: Ward W.H., Farma J.M., editors. Cutaneous Melanoma: Etiology and Therapy. Codon Publications; Brisbane, Australia: 2017. - PubMed
    1. Melanoma Skin Cancer Statistics [(accessed on 22 April 2022)]. Available online: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/melanoma-skin-cancer/about/key-statistics.....
    1. Heistein J.B., Acharya U. StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island, FL, USA: 2022. Malignant Melanoma. - PubMed
    1. Olbryt M. Molecular Background of Skin Melanoma Development and Progression: Therapeutic Implications. Postepy Derm. Alergol. 2019;36:129–138. doi: 10.5114/ada.2019.84590. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

MeSH terms

Substances