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. 2022 May 29;14(11):2282.
doi: 10.3390/nu14112282.

The Association between Daily Dietary Intake of Riboflavin and Lung Function Impairment Related with Dibutyl Phthalate Exposure and the Possible Mechanism

Jilei Lin  1 , Siying Cheng  2 , Jing Zhang  1 , Shuhua Yuan  1 , Lei Zhang  1 , Jinhong Wu  1 , Jiande Chen  1 , Mingyu Tang  1 , Yabin Hu  3 , Shilu Tong  3 , Liebin Zhao  4 , Yong Yin  1   4   5
Affiliations

The Association between Daily Dietary Intake of Riboflavin and Lung Function Impairment Related with Dibutyl Phthalate Exposure and the Possible Mechanism

Jilei Lin et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the daily dietary intake of riboflavin (DDIR) and impaired lung function associated with dibutyl phthalate (DBP) exposure. Data of 4631 adults in this national cross-sectional survey were included. Urinary mono-benzyl phthalate (MBP) was used to evaluate the level of DBP exposure. The ln-transformed urinary creatinine-corrected MBP (ln(MBP/UCr)) level was used in the statistical models. High DDIR was defined as the DDIR ≥1.8 mg per day. The results of lung function impairment and high monocytes were significantly higher in the highest MBP group compared with the lowest MBP group. A significant interaction between ln(MBP/UCr) and DDIR (Pinteraction = 0.029) was detected for the risk of lung function impairment. The risk of lung function impairment (ORquartiles4 vs. 1 1.85, 95% CI, 1.27-2.71; Ptrend = 0.018) and high neutrophils (ORquartiles4 vs. 1 1.45, 95% CI, 1.06-1.97; Ptrend = 0.018) was significantly higher in the highest vs. the lowest quartile of MBP in participants with low/normal DDIR but not in in participants with high DDIR. The results of this study showed that high DDIR was associated with less lung function impairment related with DBP exposure, and the inhibiting of the neutrophil recruitment might be the potential mechanism.

Keywords: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; dibutyl phthalate; monocytes; neutrophils; riboflavin.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The study flow chart of identifying eligible subjects.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Non-linear dose–response analysis on urinary MBP concentration and lung function impairment. Restricted cubic spline regression with three knots at the 10th, 50th, and 90th percentiles was used to explore the potential dose–response relationship between MBP and lung function impairment. The reference level was set at 6.31. A Pnon-linearity was obtained by testing the null hypothesis that regression coefficient of the second spline was equal to zero. CI, confidence interval; MBP, mono-benzyl phthalate; OR, odds ratio.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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