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. 2022 May 30;22(11):4168.
doi: 10.3390/s22114168.

Urban Greening Effect on Land Surface Temperature

Anita Zaitunah  1   2 , Samsuri  1   2 , Angelia Frecella Silitonga  1 , Lailan Syaufina  3
Affiliations

Urban Greening Effect on Land Surface Temperature

Anita Zaitunah et al. Sensors (Basel). .

Abstract

Urbanization has accelerated the conversion of vegetated land to built-up regions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of urban park configuration on the Land Surface Temperature of the park and adjacent areas. In urban parks, the study analyzed the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), and the Land Surface Temperature (LST). The NDVI categorization process resulted in the development of a vegetation density distribution. The majority of Medan's urban areas were categorized as low density, as seen by their low NDVI values. The NDBI values were significantly higher in the majority of the area. This shows that the majority of places are experiencing a decline in vegetation cover. The density of vegetation varies according to the placement of park components such as trees, mixed plants, recreation, and sports areas. According to LST data, the temperature in the urban park was cooler than in the surrounding areas. Although the surrounding areas are densely populated, urban parks are dominated by trees. Additionally, there is a green space adjacent to the park, which is a green lane that runs alongside the main roadways.

Keywords: LST; NDVI; city park; remote sensing; urban greening.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Research Site Map (the green symbols indicate the location of the studied urban parks). (Source: Google map (left)).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Map of NDVI Distribution in Medan City in 2019.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Distribution of NDVI Value in Medan in 2019. x NDVI values, y: percentage of areas (%).
Figure 4
Figure 4
NDBI of Medan year 2019.
Figure 5
Figure 5
LST of Medan in 2019.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Visualization by Google Earth (left) and LST (right).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Map of vegetation density classes of Medan City in 2019.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Parks’ overview in NDVI, Google Earth image, and in the field.
Figure 9
Figure 9
NDBI, NDVI and LST in Each Park in Medan.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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