Escaping mechanisms of ESKAPE pathogens from antibiotics and their targeting by natural compounds

doi:10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00728

. 2022 Apr 4:34:e00728.

doi: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00728. eCollection 2022 Jun.

Escaping mechanisms of ESKAPE pathogens from antibiotics and their targeting by natural compounds

Ragi Jadimurthy¹, Shilpa Borehalli Mayegowda², S Chandra Nayak³, Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya Mohan¹, Kanchugarakoppal S Rangappa⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India.
² Dayananda Sagar University, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Shavige Malleswara Hills, Kumaraswamy layout, Bengaluru 560111, India.
³ Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India.
⁴ Institution of Excellence, Vijnana Bhavan, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India.

PMID: 35686013
PMCID: PMC9171455
DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00728

Escaping mechanisms of ESKAPE pathogens from antibiotics and their targeting by natural compounds

Ragi Jadimurthy et al. Biotechnol Rep (Amst). 2022.

. 2022 Apr 4:34:e00728.

doi: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00728. eCollection 2022 Jun.

Authors

Ragi Jadimurthy¹, Shilpa Borehalli Mayegowda², S Chandra Nayak³, Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya Mohan¹, Kanchugarakoppal S Rangappa⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India.
² Dayananda Sagar University, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Shavige Malleswara Hills, Kumaraswamy layout, Bengaluru 560111, India.
³ Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India.
⁴ Institution of Excellence, Vijnana Bhavan, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India.

PMID: 35686013
PMCID: PMC9171455
DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00728

Abstract

The microorganisms that have developed resistance to available therapeutic agents are threatening the globe and multidrug resistance among the bacterial pathogens is becoming a major concern of public health worldwide. Bacteria develop protective mechanisms to counteract the deleterious effects of antibiotics, which may eventually result in loss of growth-inhibitory potential of antibiotics. ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.) pathogens display multidrug resistance and virulence through various mechanisms and it is the need of the hour to discover or design new antibiotics against ESKAPE pathogens. In this article, we have discussed the mechanisms acquired by ESKAPE pathogens to counteract the effect of antibiotics and elaborated on recently discovered secondary metabolites derived from bacteria and plant sources that are endowed with good antibacterial activity towards pathogenic bacteria in general, ESKAPE organisms in particular. Abyssomicin C, allicin, anthracimycin, berberine, biochanin A, caffeic acid, daptomycin, kibdelomycin, piperine, platensimycin, plazomicin, taxifolin, teixobactin, and thymol are the major metabolites whose antibacterial potential have been discussed in this article.

Keywords: ESKAPE; Multidrug resistance; Natural compounds; Secondary metabolites.

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Conflict of interest statement

I, Prof Rangappa on behalf of all the co-authors declare that there is no conflict of interest associated with this study. I also declare that the funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. I also declare that the manuscript has been solely submitted to Biotechnology Reports and it is not under consideration in any other journal for publication.

Figures

Fig 1 — **Fig. 1**
Bacteria develop resistance against antibiotics through chemical modification or breakdown of the drug, or preventing antibiotic influx, or antibiotic expulsion through efflux pumps or modification of antibiotic targets.

Fig 2 — **Fig. 2**
Chemical structure of secondary metabolites derived from bacteria and plants.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

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[1] Walsh C. American Society for Microbiology (ASM); 2003. Antibiotics: Actions, Origins, Resistance.

[2] Walsh C. American Society for Microbiology (ASM); 2003. Antibiotics: Actions, Origins, Resistance.

[3] Gelband H., Molly Miller P., Pant S., Gandra S., Levinson J., Barter D., White A., Laxminarayan R. The state of the world's antibiotics 2015. Wound Heal. South. Afr. 2015;8(2):30–34.

[4] Gelband H., Molly Miller P., Pant S., Gandra S., Levinson J., Barter D., White A., Laxminarayan R. The state of the world's antibiotics 2015. Wound Heal. South. Afr. 2015;8(2):30–34.

[5] Coates A., Hu Y., Bax R., Page C. The future challenges facing the development of new antimicrobial drugs. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 2002;1(11):895–910. doi: 10.1038/nrd940. - DOI - PubMed

[6] Coates A., Hu Y., Bax R., Page C. The future challenges facing the development of new antimicrobial drugs. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 2002;1(11):895–910. doi: 10.1038/nrd940. - DOI - PubMed

[7] Mukhopadhyay S., Bharath Prasad A., Mehta C.H., Nayak U.Y. Antimicrobial peptide polymers: no escape to ESKAPE pathogens—a review. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2020;36(9):1–14. - PMC - PubMed

[8] Mukhopadhyay S., Bharath Prasad A., Mehta C.H., Nayak U.Y. Antimicrobial peptide polymers: no escape to ESKAPE pathogens—a review. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2020;36(9):1–14. - PMC - PubMed

[9] Rice L.B. vol. 197. The University of Chicago Press; 2008. (Federal Funding For the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance in Nosocomial Pathogens: No ESKAPE). - PubMed

[10] Rice L.B. vol. 197. The University of Chicago Press; 2008. (Federal Funding For the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance in Nosocomial Pathogens: No ESKAPE). - PubMed

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Escaping mechanisms of ESKAPE pathogens from antibiotics and their targeting by natural compounds

Affiliations

Escaping mechanisms of ESKAPE pathogens from antibiotics and their targeting by natural compounds

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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