Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 Jun;16(3):358-377.
doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0903-0. Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Microorganism-derived biological macromolecules for tissue engineering

Naser Amini  1   2 , Peiman Brouki Milan  3   4   5 , Vahid Hosseinpour Sarmadi  1   2 , Bahareh Derakhshanmehr  2 , Ahmad Hivechi  1   6 , Fateme Khodaei  7 , Masoud Hamidi  8 , Sara Ashraf  9 , Ghazaleh Larijani  9 , Alireza Rezapour  10   11
Affiliations
Review

Microorganism-derived biological macromolecules for tissue engineering

Naser Amini et al. Front Med. 2022 Jun.

Abstract

According to literature, certain microorganism productions mediate biological effects. However, their beneficial characteristics remain unclear. Nowadays, scientists concentrate on obtaining natural materials from live creatures as new sources to produce innovative smart biomaterials for increasing tissue reconstruction in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The present review aims to introduce microorganism-derived biological macromolecules, such as pullulan, alginate, dextran, curdlan, and hyaluronic acid, and their available sources for tissue engineering. Growing evidence indicates that these materials can be used as biological material in scaffolds to enhance regeneration in damaged tissues and contribute to cosmetic and dermatological applications. These natural-based materials are attractive in pharmaceutical, regenerative medicine, and biomedical applications. This study provides a detailed overview of natural-based biomaterials, their chemical and physical properties, and new directions for future research and therapeutic applications.

Keywords: biological macromolecules; carbohydrate; exopolysaccharide; regenerative medicine; tissue engineering.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Staudt C, Horn H, Hempel DC, Neu TR. Volumetric measurements of bacterial cells and extracellular polymeric substance glycoconjugates in biofilms. Biotechnol Bioeng 2004; 88(5): 585–592 - PubMed - DOI
    1. Nwodo UU, Green E, Okoh AI. Bacterial exopolysaccharides: functionality and prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13(11): 14002–14015 - PubMed - PMC - DOI
    1. Schmid J, Sieber V, Rehm B. Bacterial exopolysaccharides: biosynthesis pathways and engineering strategies. Front Microbiol 2015; 6: 496 - PubMed - PMC - DOI
    1. Geesey G. Microbial exopolymers: ecological and economic considerations. Am Soc Microbiol News 1982; 48: 9–14
    1. Pal A, Paul AK. Microbial extracellular polymeric substances: central elements in heavy metal bioremediation. Indian J Microbiol 2008; 48(1): 49–64 - PubMed - PMC - DOI