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. 2022 Nov:156:105197.
doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2022.105197. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Impact of rhinovirus on hospitalization during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective cohort study

Marcelo Comerlato Scotta  1 , Luciane Beatriz Kern  2 , Márcia Polese-Bonatto  3 , Thais Raupp Azevedo  3 , Fernanda Hammes Varela  4 , Gabriela Oliveira Zavaglia  3 , Ingrid Rodrigues Fernandes  3 , Caroline Nespolo de David  3 , Tiago Fazolo  5 , Marcela Santos Corrêa da Costa  6 , Felipe Cotrim de Carvalho  6 , Ivaine Tais Sauthier Sartor  3 , Alexandre Prehn Zavascki  7 , Renato T Stein  4
Affiliations

Impact of rhinovirus on hospitalization during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective cohort study

Marcelo Comerlato Scotta et al. J Clin Virol. 2022 Nov.

Abstract

Background: Although the clinical course of the COVID-19 in adults has been extensively described, the impact of the co-detection of SARS-CoV-2 and rhinovirus on severity outcomes is not understood.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the risk of hospitalization of outpatients with COVID-19 with and without the co-detection of rhinovirus in southern Brazil. Secondarily, such risk was also compared between all individuals with COVID-19 and those with single rhinovirus infection.

Study design: Outpatients (>18 years) with acute signs of cough, fever, or sore throat were prospectively enrolled at two emergency departments from May to September 2020. Sample collection was performed to detect SARS-CoV-2 and other 20 respiratory pathogens. Participants were followed for 28 days through telephone interviews.

Results: 1,047 participants were screened and 1,044 were included. Of these, 4.9% were lost during follow-up, and 993/1,044 (95.1%) were included in severity-related analysis. Rhinovirus was the most prevalent pathogen (25.0%, 248/993), followed by SARS-CoV-2 (22.6%, 224/993), with coinfection of these two viruses occurring in 91/993 (9.2%) participants. The risk of COVID-19-related hospitalizations were not different between individuals with and without co-detection of rhinovirus (9.9% vs. 7.6%, respectively, P = 0.655). Conversely, subjects with COVID-19 had a higher hospitalization risk than single rhinovirus infection (8.3 vs 0.4%, respectively, P < 0.001).

Conclusions: The co-detection of SARS-CoV-2 and rhinovirus did not change the risk of hospitalizations in adults. Furthermore, COVID-19 was more severe than single rhinovirus infection.

Keywords: COVID-19; Coinfection; Rhinovirus; SARS-CoV-2.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig. 1
Study flowchart.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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