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Review
. 2022 May 20;12(24):15447-15460.
doi: 10.1039/d2ra01058e. eCollection 2022 May 17.

Complete life of cobalt nanoparticles loaded into cross-linked organic polymers: a review

Muhammad Arif  1
Affiliations
Review

Complete life of cobalt nanoparticles loaded into cross-linked organic polymers: a review

Muhammad Arif. RSC Adv. .

Abstract

The unique combination of cobalt (Co) nanoparticles (NPs) and smart polymer microgels is of great interest and has received much attention over the past decade with respect to the production of hydrogen gas and its use in removing toxic dyes from water. The responsive behavior of microgels makes cobalt nanoparticle-loaded microgels most suitable for the production of hydrogen and for the reduction of pollutants in different environments. Different classes of Co NPs in microgels have been reported in the literature. Hybrid microgel formations play an important role in their use. Hence, a specific assembly of Co NPs in microgels has been designed for the synthesis and use of hydrogen to reduce toxic pollutants from water. All progress in the synthesis, classification, characterization, and applications of Co NPs in microgels has been reviewed in this report. Catalytic generation and the use of hydrogen for the reduction of pollutants in the presence of Co NPs loaded into microgels have been discussed in a tutorial manner.

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Conflict of interest statement

There is no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Synthesis of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) (NipaM-co-MA) microgels by the free radical polymerization method and the introduction of cobalt nanoparticles by in situ reduction.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Synthesis of the poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) P(NipaM) microgel and the hybrid microgel produced by mixing metal nanoparticles with the P(NipaM) microgel.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. Production of hydrogen at low and high temperatures in the presence of Co nanoparticles in P(4VP) microgels.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4. Effect of pH on the –COOH or –SO3H group-containing hybrid microgels (acidic group-containing hybrid microgels).
Fig. 5
Fig. 5. Effect of pH on amino group-containing hybrid microgels (basic group-containing hybrid microgels).
Fig. 6
Fig. 6. Effect of salts on the catalytic performance of cobalt nanoparticles loaded into P(3SPM) microgels.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7. Proposed mechanism for the reduction of nitroarenes in the presence of Co NPs loaded into microgels.
Fig. 8
Fig. 8. Adsorption process of Co–Fe nanoparticles loaded into P(MA-AN) microgels.
None
Muhammad Arif
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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