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. 2022 May 15;14(5):3189-3197.
eCollection 2022.

Serum IL-6 as a marker of disease progression in interstitial nephritis

Wei Shen  1 , Luyan Bian  2 , Ying Ma  3 , Xiuyan Yin  4
Affiliations

Serum IL-6 as a marker of disease progression in interstitial nephritis

Wei Shen et al. Am J Transl Res. .

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) change in disease progression of interstitial nephritis.

Methods: This is a retrospective study. From November 2017 to November 2019, 87 patients with interstitial nephritis treated in our hospital were enrolled and divided into an acute group (n=42) and a chronic group (n=45) based on pathological results of renal biopsies. Forty healthy individuals after physical examination during the same period were enrolled into the reference group. Serum IL-6 levels were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: Among the three groups, patients in the acute group showed the highest IL-6 level (P<0.001). The acute group obtained higher serum advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) levels and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) than the other two groups (P<0.05). The acute group showed lower levels of CD34+ [number of positive microvessels (MVs)/HP], a smaller type III collagen positive area, and a larger type IV collagen positive area than the chronic group (P<0.05). The acute group obtained higher levels of IL-27 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) than the chronic group (P<0.001). The acute group had higher levels of serum creatinine (SCr), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and 24-hour urine protein quantity (24 h UPQ) than the other groups (P<0.001). The combined detection of serum IL-6, TNF-α, and micro-albumin (mALB) outperformed the stand-alone approach (P<0.05). Serum IL-32 and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) levels in the acute and chronic group were positively correlated with SCr and 24 h UPQ (P<0.05).

Conclusions: Serum IL-6 shows a great potential as an important marker of disease progression in interstitial nephritis.

Keywords: Serum IL-6; interstitial nephritis; mechanism; progression markers.

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Conflict of interest statement

None.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Comparison of IL-6, IL-27 and TNF-α Level (x̅±sd). Note: A. The abscissa indicates acute and chronic groups from left to right, and the ordinate indicates the TNF-α level in μg/mL. There was a significant difference in TNF-α level between the acute group and the chronic group (t=14.979, *P<0.05). B. IL-6 levels in the acute group, the chronic group and reference group. There was a significant difference in IL-6 level between the acute group and the chronic group (t=40.691, *P<0.05), between the acute group and the reference group (t=76.264, *P<0.05), and between the chronic group and the reference group (t=28.557, *P<0.05). C. The abscissa indicates acute and chronic groups from left to right, and the ordinate indicates the IL-27 level, ng/mL. There was a significant difference in IL-27 level between the acute group and the chronic group (t=19.766, *P<0.05).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Correlation analysis of IL-6 and TNF-α. Note: a total of 87 cases were included for analysis.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Comparison of SCR, ESR, eGFR and 24-h UPQ among the three groups. Note: A. Changes in serum SCr in the three groups. B. Changes in ESR in the three groups. C. Changes in eGFR in the three groups. D. Changes in 24 UPQ in the three groups. **P<0.01.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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