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. 2022 Jun 10;118(6):1085-1096.
doi: 10.36660/abc.20210327. eCollection 2022.

Recent Developments and Current Status of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Practice in Latin America - the WRITTEN LATAM Study

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Affiliations

Recent Developments and Current Status of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Practice in Latin America - the WRITTEN LATAM Study

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Fernando Luiz de Melo Bernardi et al. Arq Bras Cardiol. .

Abstract

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a worldwide adopted procedure with rapidly evolving practices. Regional and temporal variations are expected to be found.

Objective: To compare TAVR practice in Latin America with that around the world and to assess its changes in Latin America from 2015 to 2020.

Methods: A survey was applied to global TAVR centers between March and September 2015, and again to Latin-American centers between July 2019 and January 2020. The survey consisted of questions addressing: i) center's general information; ii) pre-TAVR evaluation; iii) procedural techniques; iv) post-TAVR management; v) follow-up. Answers from the 2015 survey of Latin-American centers (LATAM15) were compared with those of other centers around the world (WORLD15) and with the 2020 updated Latin-American survey (LATAM20). A 5% level of significance was adopted for statistical analysis.

Results: 250 centers participated in the 2015 survey (LATAM15=29; WORLD15=221) and 46 in the LATAM20. Combined centers experience accounted for 73 707 procedures, with WORLD15 centers performing, on average, 6- and 3-times more procedures than LATAM15 and LATAM20 centers, respectively. LATAM centers performed less minimalistic TAVR than WORLD15 centers, but there was a significant increase in less invasive procedures after 5 years in Latin-American centers. For postprocedural care, a lower period of telemetry and maintenance of temporary pacing wire, along with less utilization of dual antiplatelet therapy was observed in LATAM20 centers.

Conclusion: Despite still having a much lower number of procedures, many aspects of TAVR practice in Latin-American centers have evolved in recent years, followingthe trend observed in developed country centers.

Fundamento: Implante transcateter de valva aórtica (TAVI) é um procedimento adotado em todo o mundo e suas práticas evoluem rapidamente. Variações regionais e temporais são esperadas.

Objetivo: Comparar a prática de TAVI na América Latina com aquela no resto do mundo e avaliar suas mudanças na América Latina de 2015 a 2020.

Método: A pesquisa foi realizada em centros de TAVI em todo o mundo entre março e setembro de 2015, e novamente nos centros latino-americanos entre julho de 2019 e janeiro de 2020. As seguintes questões foram abordadas: i) informação geral sobre os centros; ii) avaliação pré-TAVI; iii) técnicas do procedimento; iv) conduta pós-TAVI; v) seguimento. As respostas da pesquisa dos centros latino-americanos em 2015 (LATAM15) foram comparadas àquelas dos centros no resto do mundo (WORLD15) e ainda àquelas da pesquisa dos centros latino-americanos de 2020 (LATAM20). Adotou-se o nível de significância de 5% na análise estatística.

Resultados: 250 centros participaram da pesquisa em 2015 (LATAM15=29; WORLD15=221) e 46 na avaliação LATAM20. No total, foram 73.707 procedimentos, sendo que os centros WORLD15 realizaram, em média, 6 e 3 vezes mais procedimentos do que os centros LATAM15 e LATAM20, respectivamente. Os centros latino-americanos realizaram menor número de TAVI minimalista do que os do restante do mundo, mas aumentaram significativamente os procedimentos menos invasivos após 5 anos. Quanto à assistência pós-procedimento, observaram-se menor tempo de telemetria e de manutenção do marca-passo temporário, além de menor uso de terapia dupla antiplaquetária nos centros LATAM20.

Conclusão: A despeito do volume de procedimentos ainda significativamente menor, muitos aspectos da prática de TAVI nos centros latino-americanos evoluíram recentemente, acompanhando a tendência dos centros dos países desenvolvidos.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potencial conflito de interesse

Não há conflito com o presente artigo

Figures

Figura 1
Figura 1. Distribuição geográfica dos centros participantes das pesquisas de 2015 e 2020.
Figura 2
Figura 2. Fluxograma do arrolamento da pesquisa 2020 WRITTEN LATAM.
Figura 3
Figura 3. Proporções médias de pacientes tratados de acordo com o perfil de risco.
Figura 4
Figura 4. Comparação dos exames de imagem realizados rotineiramente antes do procedimento (% de centros). ETE: ecocardiograma transesofágico; TC: tomografia computadorizada.
Figura 5
Figura 5. A) Porcentagens de procedimentos transfemorais realizados com sedação consciente / anestesia local (% de centros). TF: transfemoral; AL: anestesia local; SC: sedação consciente. B) Tipo de acesso vascular realizado rotineiramente para casos transfemorais (% de centros).
Figura 6
Figura 6. Terapia antitrombótica após TAVI. A) DAPT de rotina após TAVI na ausência de outra indicação para anticoagulação (% de centros). DAPT: terapia dupla antiplaquetária; B) Duração rotineira da DAPT (% de centros); C) Terapia antitrombótica rotineira em casos com indicação de anticoagulação (% de centros); D. Tipo de anticoagulante oral utilizado quando há indicação de anticoagulação (% de centros). AVK: antagonista da vitamina K; NOAC: novos anticoagulantes orais.
Figure 1
Figure 1. Geographical distribution of the participating centers in the 2015 and 2020 surveys.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Enrollment flowchart of the 2020 WRITTEN LATAM survey.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Mean proportions of treated patients according to the risk profile.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Routinely performed preprocedural imaging studies (% of centers). TEE: transesophageal echocardiogram; CT: computed tomography
Figure 5
Figure 5. A) Percentages of transfemoral procedures performed with conscious sedation/local anesthesia (% of centers). TF: transfemoral; LA: local anesthesia; CS: conscious sedation. B) Type of vascular access routinely performed for transfemoral cases (% of centers).
Figure 6
Figure 6. Antithrombotic therapy after TAVR. A) Routine DAPT after TAVR when no other indication for anticoagulation exists (% of centers). DAPT: dual-antiplatelet therapy; B) Routine duration of DAPT (% of centers); C) Routine antithrombotic therapy in cases where there is an indication for anticoagulation (% of centers); D. Type of oral anticoagulant utilized when an indication for anticoagulation exists (% of centers). VKA: vitamin K antagonist; NOAC: novel oral anticoagulant.

Comment in

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