Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Apr 27:13:73.
doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_470_20. eCollection 2022.

COVID-19 Countermeasures: An Algorithm to Stay Unlocked

David Izadi  1 , Egidio J Da Silva  2 , Miles E Banwell  3 , Christopher G Wallace  4
Affiliations

COVID-19 Countermeasures: An Algorithm to Stay Unlocked

David Izadi et al. Int J Prev Med. .

Abstract

We describe a visual algorithm to help prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) contagion as well as manage COVID-19 disease according to categories of clinical severity. The algorithm is timely, with multiple countries worldwide declaring repeat surges in SARS-CoV-2 infections following the easing of lockdown measures. Its flowchart assimilates key effective interventions in a visual manner that will assist healthcare workers to manage COVID-19 disease algorithmically, and policymakers to suppress further SARS-CoV-2 waves. Importantly, we include the innovative use of topical p-menthane-3,8-diol spray by the British Army for COVID-19 Support Force personnel, which in light of its coronavirucidal properties, deserves wider dissemination. This algorithm has the potential to be updated as numerous studies are concluded globally.

Keywords: 8-diol; COVID-19; dexamethasone; p-menthane-3; vitamin C; vitamin D.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
COVID-19 prevention and treatment flow-chart. Depicting measures to suppress SARS-CoV-2 spread (green chevrons) and algorithmic management of infected individuals stratified by clinical severity of COVID-19 (yellow, orange, red and purple chevrons)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Johns Hopkins University Coronavirus Resource Center. [Last accessed on 2020 Aug 09]. Available from: https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html .
    1. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Press release. 2020. Mar 13th, [Last accessed on 2020 Aug 09]. Available from: https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/epa-expands-covid-19-disinfectant-list .
    1. Clarke PD. Antiviral composition comprising p-menthane-3,8-diol. United States Patent Number: US 7,872,051 B2. Date of Patent: January 18, 2011
    1. Eggers M, Koburger-Janssen T, Eickmann M, Zorn J. In vitro bactericidal and virucidal efficacy of Povidone-Iodine gargle/mouthwash against respiratory and oral tract pathogens. Infect Dis Ther. 2018;7:249–59. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Cheng RZ. Can early and high intravenous dose of vitamin C prevent and treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)? Med Drug Discov. 2020;5:100028. - PMC - PubMed