A Historical Perspective of the Evolution of Laparoscopic Surgeries in Urology

Abstract

Recent decades have seen the rapid progression of minimally invasive surgery in urology with continuing developments in robotic technology paving ways into a new era. In addition to these technological innovations, interests from urologists in developing and embracing new techniques have become a forefront in the ongoing evolution of the field allowing for improvement in intraoperative experience as well as morbidity and mortality outcomes. This article aims to provide an overview of the historical development of laparoscopic surgery in urology while also providing a brief look into its future.

Keywords: cystectomy; history; laparoscopy; nephrectomy; prostatectomy; robotics.