Metabolism of three trichothecene mycotoxins, T-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol and deoxynivalenol, by bovine rumen microorganisms

Abstract

The three trichothecene mycotoxins T-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) and deoxynivalenol (DON) were incubated in vitro for 12, 24 and 48 h with rumen microorganisms obtained from a fistulated dairy cow. Gas chromatographic and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analyses of extracts indicated all three toxins were biotransformed to a variety of deepoxy and deacylated products. DON was partially converted to a product identified as deepoxy DON. DAS was rapidly converted to four products including 15-monoacetoxyscirpenol (MAS), scirpentriol and two new compounds identified as 15-acetoxy-3 alpha,4 beta-dihydroxytrichothec-9,12-diene (deepoxy MAS) and 3 alpha,4 beta,15-trihydroxytrichothec-9,12-diene (deepoxy scirpentriol). T-2 toxin was also completely biotransformed to the products HT-2, T-2 triol and two new metabolites identified as 15-acetoxy-3 alpha,4 beta-dihydroxy-8 alpha-(3-methylbutyryloxy) trichothec-9,12-diene (deepoxy HT-2) and 3 alpha,4 beta,15-trihydroxy-8 alpha-(3-methylbutyryloxy)trichothec-9,12-diene (deepoxy T-2 triol).