What Have We Learned in the Last 20 Years About CRT Non-Responders?
- PMID: 35715086
- DOI: 10.1016/j.ccep.2021.12.019
What Have We Learned in the Last 20 Years About CRT Non-Responders?
Abstract
Although cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has become well established in the treatment of heart failure, the management of patients who do not respond after CRT remains a key challenge. This review will summarize what we have learned about non-responders over the last 20 years and discuss methods for optimizing response, including the introduction of novel therapies.
Keywords: Biventricular pacing; Cardiac resynchronization therapy; Heart failure; Non-Responders; Optimization.
Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Conflict of interest statement
Disclosure Prof T.R. Betts has received honoraria for speaking, proctoring, and product development plus unrestricted research grants from Abbott.
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