Update on Fibrocartilaginous Disease Clinical Examination

Abstract

This article provides an update on fibrocartilaginous disease clinical examination. Lesser metatarsophalangeal joint instability is a challenging entity for the foot and ankle surgeon. A correct diagnosis is crucial to instill an appropriate treatment plan that will result in a successful outcome and a satisfied patient. Insertional Achilles tendon disorders are common among active and inactive patients. There is also a high predilection for Achilles tendon pathology among athletes. In this article demographics and patient history, causative factors, differential diagnosis, physical examination, clinical tests, and radiographic evaluation are discussed for plantar plate disorders and insertional Achilles disorders.

Keywords: Achilles tendon; Clinical examination; Fibrocartilaginous disease; Plantar plate.