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. 2022 Jun 15:56:e20210378.
doi: 10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2021-0378en. eCollection 2022.

Radiodermatitis: severity, predictive factors and discontinuation of radiotherapy in patients with anal and rectal cancer

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Larissa Jucá Dantas Bastos  1 , Regina Serrão Lanzillotti  2 , Marcos Antônio Gomes Brandão  3 , Rafael Celestino da Silva  3 , Fabiana Verdan Simões  1
Affiliations

Radiodermatitis: severity, predictive factors and discontinuation of radiotherapy in patients with anal and rectal cancer

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Larissa Jucá Dantas Bastos et al. Rev Esc Enferm USP. .

Abstract
in English, Portuguese, Spanish

Objective: to determine the prevalence of radiodermatitis, severity grades and predictive factors of its occurrence in patients with anal and rectal cancer followed up by the nursing consultation, and to analyze the association of severity grades of radiodermatitis with temporary radiotherapy interruption.

Method: a quantitative, cross-sectional and retrospective study, carried out with 112 medical records of patients with anal and rectal cancer undergoing curative radiotherapy followed up in the nursing consultation. Data were collected using a form and analyzed using analytical and inferential statistics.

Results: 99.1% of patients had radiodermatitis, 34.8% of which were severe. The predictive factors were female sex, age greater than 65 years, anal canal tumor, treatment with cobalt device and IMRT technique. Treatment interruption occurred in 13% of patients, associated with severe radiodermatitis.

Conclusion: there was a high prevalence of radiodermatitis, mainly severe, which resulted in treatment interruption.

Objetivo:: determinar a prevalência da radiodermatite, os graus de severidade e os fatores preditivos da sua ocorrência em pacientes com câncer de canal anal e reto acompanhados pela consulta de enfermagem, e analisar a associação dos graus de severidade da radiodermatite com a interrupção temporária da radioterapia.

Método:: pesquisa quantitativa, seccional e retrospectiva, realizada com 112 prontuários de pacientes com câncer de canal anal e reto submetidos à radioterapia curativa acompanhados na consulta de enfermagem. Dados foram coletados por formulário e analisados empregando-se estatística analítica e inferencial.

Resultados:: 99,1% dos pacientes apresentaram radiodermatite, sendo 34,8% graus severos. Os fatores preditivos foram sexo feminino, idade maior que 65 anos, tumor de canal anal, tratamento com aparelho de cobalto e técnica IMRT. A interrupção do tratamento ocorreu em 13% dos pacientes, associada à radiodermatite severa.

Conclusão:: houve alta prevalência de radiodermatite, principalmente grau severo, que resultou em interrupção do tratamento.

Objetivo:: determinar la prevalencia de radiodermatitis, los grados de severidad y los factores predictores de su ocurrencia en pacientes con cáncer anal y rectal seguidos de la consulta de enfermería, y analizar la asociación de los grados de severidad de la radiodermatitis con la interrupción temporal de radioterapia.

Método:: investigación cuantitativa, transversal y retrospectiva, realizada con 112 prontuarios de pacientes con cáncer anal y rectal en tratamiento con radioterapia curativa seguidos en la consulta de enfermería. Los datos fueron recolectados mediante un formulario y analizados mediante estadística analítica e inferencial.

Resultados:: el 99,1% de los pacientes presentaban radiodermatitis, de las cuales el 34,8% eran graves. Los factores predictores fueron sexo femenino, edad mayor de 65 años, tumor del canal anal, tratamiento con aparato de cobalto y técnica de IMRT. La interrupción del tratamiento se produjo en el 13% de los pacientes, asociada a radiodermitis grave.

Conclusión:: hubo una alta prevalencia de radiodermatitis, principalmente severa, lo que obligó a la interrupción del tratamiento.

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